departmental bulletin paper

In advance care planning (ACP), there are cases where it is difficult for patients to express their intentions for various reasons. In this study, we discussed the difficulties and countermeasures for the implementation of ACP in the cases of children and the elderly, involuntary hospitalization for psychiatric care, and the choice of end-of-life nutrition, as cases in which it is difficult for the patients to express their intentions. Internal difficulties caused by the individual, external difficulties such as non-provision of appropriate information and social difficulties such as the absence of significant others were considered to be the factors that make ACP implementation difficult. It is important for supporters to understand these difficulties and to implement ACP according to the individual patients. It is hoped that discussions on the promotion of ACP will be further enhanced in the future.

Excessive use of social networking services (SNS) is known to have a significant negative impact on mental health in university students. In this study, we conducted an online questionnaire survey of university students and analyzed 146 responses in order to clarify the relation between SNS addiction and self-compassion among university students. As a result, it was found that there was a significant negative relationship between SNS addiction and self-compassion in the university students. In addition, the subscales of "self-judgment," "isolation," and "over-identification" were significantly associated with SNS addiction. These results suggest that selfcompassion education may help reduce the deterioration of mental health caused by SNS addiction.

We developed a lifestyle reflection sheet for preventing and treating metabolic syndrome. Our tool aimed to help local residents identify their risk factors for metabolic syndrome, recognize areas for improvement in their lifestyle habits, and proactively engage in health promotion. We enrolled 1,146 patients, consisting of 715 men and 431 women, aged 18 to 92 years. Inclusion criteria were those who underwent health checkups at Mine City Hospital and answered a lifestyle questionnaire. We hypothesized that individuals with conditions related to metabolic syndrome have undesirable lifestyle habits. To test this hypothesis, we conducted logistic regression analysis to examine the probabilities of metabolic syndrome, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. The results were displayed as similarity percentages, reflecting how closely the daily behaviors of individuals with these conditions aligned with the behaviors of those who had these specific health issues. Eight specific behaviors were selected for preventing and improving metabolic syndrome: diet-related (eating behaviors that do not lead to obesity, avoid snacking, consume vegetables, reduce salt), physical activity-related (physical activity/ exercise, avoiding prolonged sitting), health-related (maintaining a sense of coherence), and alcohol-related (amount of alcohol consumed). The scores for these factors were calculated using a validated factor analysis. Each item was visualized by displaying a graph showing the standard deviation for all survey subjects. The lifestyle reflection sheet was printed on special paper and returned to individuals after their health check. The sheet served as a reference tool for health guidance. By utilizing this sheet, individuals could be individually notified of their risk of developing metabolic syndrome and the benefits of healthy behaviors. Behavioral changes for health were encouraged through a review of lifestyle habits.

The dissemination of knowledge and awareness regarding mental health promotion is an important issue in the mental health and welfare policies of local governments. In order to clarify the relationship between the social life situation of local residents and their mental health, we analyzed 1,139 people who underwent health checkups at Mine City Hospital and answered a lifestyle questionnaire about their psychological state (Kessler 6 Scale [K6]), social interaction (Lubben Social Network Scale-6 [LSNS6]), sleep (Athens Insomnia Scale [AIS]), economic situation, household composition, and residential area by sex and age group (youth: 20-39 years old, middle age: 40-64 years old, elderly: 65 years old or older). In men, K6 score decreased as the age group increased; however, there was no change in women across all age groups. Furthermore, when comparing by age group and sex, elderly men had the lowest K6 score. Analysis of the data for all subjects revealed that K6 score was negatively correlated with LSNS6 score (r = -0.219, P < 0.01) but had a significant positive correlation with AIS score (r = 0.495, P < 0.01). The "difficult" economic situation group had higher K6 scores than the "average" and "affordable" groups. These findings suggest that people with a poor psychological state have less human interaction and tend to suffer from insomnia and that improving one's subjective economic situation may contribute to a good psychological state.

The purpose of this study was to examine the advantages and problems of the mutual nomination method from the viewpoints of both teachers and children, in order to introduce the method more appropriately and effectively in the classroom. In order to understand from the children's standpoint, we asked university students to reflect on their classroom situations at elementary, junior high, and high schools, and conducted a questionnaire survey using both face-to-face and web-based surveys. The subjects consisted of 138 university students. To understand from the position of the teachers, elementary, junior high, and high school teachers were interviewed. Eleven teachers were elementary school teachers, nine were junior high school teachers, and five were high school teachers. The method of analysis was content analysis for both the children's and the teachers' standpoints. The results are presented initially from the children's perspective, followed by the teachers' perspective. First, from the children's perspective. Regarding experience with the mutual nomination method, in elementary school, the number of respondents with and without experience was 88 and 29, respectively, in middle school, 37 and 77, and in high school, 28 and 102, respectively. Five categories of advantages of the mutual nomination method were obtained, including [active and motivated participation in class], [ease of raising hands and speaking up], and [bright and peaceful atmosphere]. On the other hand, four categories were obtained for problems such as [bias and fixation of nominated/non-nominated students], [classroom relationships revealed by bias of nominated/non-nominated students], and [creation of rules for effective implementation of the mutual nomination method]. Next, from the teachers’ perspectives, regarding their experience with the Mutual Nomination Method, elementary school teachers implemented the method according to the subject matter and learning objectives, and according to the condition of the children and the classroom. Junior High and high school teachers implemented the method only slightly. Five categories of advantages of the mutual nomination method were obtained, including [active and motivated participation in class], [deepening of learning], [ease of raising hands and speaking up, and confidence gained from the experience of giving presentations]. Six categories were obtained as problems and innovations of the mutual nomination method, including [introduction of the method in consideration of the situation of the children and the classroom], [bias and fixation of those who are nominated/not nominated], and [creation of rules for effective implementation of the mutual nomination method]. Based on the above results, and considering both the children's and teachers' standpoints, the mutual nomination method seems to have the advantage of making it easier for children to actively and enthusiastically learn, raise their hands, and speak up. However, there are also problems such as the bias of children who speak up, the fact that some children experience not being nominated even if they raise their hands, and the fact that relationships in such classes become more visible. To introduce the mutual nomination method, it is necessary to have a supportive classroom climate and good classroom discipline as a foundation. It was shown that it is important for teachers to fully assess the classroom situation and implement the method under management, such as by applying rules according to the situation.

The Blue & Green Art Project (BGAP), launched in 2020, is unique in that it addresses regional environmental issues through the interconnected perspectives of sea and land. Over the past few years, BGAP has held symposiums and exhibitions to encourage discussions on environmental challenges while presenting solutions through art and culture. The 2024 exhibition focused on kimono upcycling and included works by environmental artist Mago Nagasaka. A key objective of BGAP 2024 was to explore Nagasaka’s concept of "Sustainable Capitalism," which aims to create a harmonious cycle among the environment, culture, and economy. This paper examines the theme of "Regional Revitalization and International Exchange through Clothing Design," primarily discussing the activities of BGAP 2024 in the realm of clothing design. Chapter I provides an overview of the research, while Chapter II traces the evolution of clothing design activities from BGAP’ s predecessor, the Agri-Art Festival, to its current endeavors, analyzing them through the lenses of regional revitalization and international exchange. BGAP has long facilitated international workshops that utilize Yamaguchi’s local resources. This year, an online workshop was held in collaboration with the University of Hawaii Maui College, focusing on kimono upcycling with participants from both Japan and Hawaii. Chapter III highlights the clothing pieces featured in the exhibition, including Mago Nagasaka’s art and their underlying concepts. The works of Yusaku Harada, utilizing factory waste, and Erina Kashihara, incorporating marine debris, were also featured. The process of kimono upcycling in this exhibition, framed as an international exchange activity, proved to be significant, offering insights into perspectives in both the creative phase and the exhibition and appreciation phase. In summary, BGAP continues to utilize clothing design as an art and cultural initiative aimed at regional revitalization and addressing local issues. Looking ahead, the project aims to expand these efforts, even on a modest scale, with the aspiration of contributing to the local economy through sustainable practices.

For EFL learners to develop their interlanguage (IL) system efficiently, input, output, and interaction are indispensable. Advancements in ICT have made it possible to access high-quality input, such as TED and YouTube. Learners can also practice producing output by writing diaries, self-talk, giving a presentation, etc. However, interaction can only be done with an interlocutor. Recent remarkable technological advances have enabled natural interactions between generative AI and EFL learners, allowing learners to practice interactions at their own pace with less anxiety. This study aims to elucidate the effects of interaction opportunities with generative AI on the Willingness to Communicate (WTC), anxiety, and perceived competence of EFL learners. Sixty-six undergraduates were recruited as the participants. They had opportunities to interact with generative AI regularly. A questionnaire consisting of 24 items was employed to evaluate their WTC, anxiety, and perceived competence. The analysis of the collected data suggests that interaction opportunities with generative AI raise WTC and perceived competence and lower anxiety.

In this study, an interview survey was conducted to examine communication between foreign technical intern trainees and Japanese employees in the workplace, focusing on companies in Yamaguchi Prefecture that accept foreign technical intern trainees. The results revealed that the primary factors contributing to communication misunderstandings between foreign technical intern trainees and Japanese employees stemmed from cultural differences between low-context and high-context communication styles, as well as a lack of consideration in the Japanese expressions used by Japanese employees in the workplace. Furthermore, an additional survey of both technical intern trainees and Japanese employees highlighted that the most frequent misunderstandings arose not from complex expressions but from simple phrases like “I understand.” To facilitate smoother workplace communication, foreign technical intern trainees were provided with opportunities to learn the original meaning and proper usage of phrases such as “I understand” and were guided on the importance of asking for clarification when necessary. Additionally, feedback was given to Japanese employees to help them understand the reasons behind the linguistic behaviors of foreign technical intern trainees. These initiatives were found to significantly foster mutual understanding and proved highly effective for both parties.

The aim of this paper is to examine historical materials that show the political and military roles played by Buddhist priests during the civil war at the end of the Edo era, when the Tokugawa shogunate was opposed by various clans. They overthrew the old regime and ushered in the Meiji era, when the emperor reigned. During the Edo era when today’s Yamaguchi Prefecture was known as the Chōshū clan, Shin Buddhism priests belonging to temples in the clan’s territory set up a new school for monks to learn both liberal arts and French style martial arts to prevent Buddhism and temples, which were linked to the Tokugawa shogunate, from being destroyed. This study focuses on one of the priests involved in this movement, Kagawa Hōkō, and aims to clarify the reality of previously undocumented espionage activities using three historical documents. The third document is a transcript of an interview with the mother of a merchant in Osaka who was a supporter of the Chōshū clan’s espionage activities. It provides specific details about how the spies raised the funds they needed, how they communicated their information, and how they evaded the authorities by moving from one hiding place to another. There was also a monk, a spy mate of Hōkō, who abandoned his espionage duties and instead spent the money on sake and geisha. He ended up abducting a geisha and ran away, which led to Hōkō being imprisoned by both the shogunate’s Shinsengumi and the Chōshū clan on two separate occasions. After this, Hōkō and his comrades became responsible priests at the heart of the administration of the Shin Buddhism Hongwanji sect in the Meiji era, and he became the president of a university established by the sect, but in his twenties, he was involved in military activities like this. This is a new and interesting specific case that has previously been undocumented.

基盤教育Ⅳ群の「やまぐち未来デザインプロジェクトⅠ・Ⅱ」は、2023年度から３年間の予定で、一般財団法人三菱みらい育成財団から、カテゴリー４「21世紀型教養教育」として助成を受けている。2024年9月28日、JPタワーホール（東京都千代田区）において、「みらい育成アワード2024～知見、実践、その想いを分かち合う～」が開催され、2023年度に採択された助成先の中から、カテゴリーごとに、優れた活動・成果に賞が贈られた。本稿は、グランプリの受賞スピーチを報告するものである。

This paper argues that there are several points that should be considered when building a chat server in a university. Three arguments are made to demonstrate the points. First,an overview of chat servers are given and pointed out some of the issues involved in deploying a chat server. Next, to solve these problems, the introduction of Matrix, an open source chat server is argued. Finally, it is described that some types of service that can be provided by introducing chat server.

Japanese children naturally acquire many words in their daily lives, but foreign children do not have as many opportunities to do so, so it can be inferred that Japanese language ability affects problem solving in math problems. First, we text-mined commercially available problem books and extracted frequently used words. Next, we examined the standard difficulty level of the JLPT and its use in textbooks, and found that more than 70% of the vocabulary commonly used in arithmetic sentence problems were familiar words used in daily life, and even those not commonly used in arithmetic were often used in other subjects. In solving arithmetic sentence problems, not only some difficult words and words that are not frequently used in textbooks, but also the language environment can be a major hurdle for foreign children to learn, as they are required to have Japanese language skills in their daily lives.

This paper presents a field study in which the author conducted interviews with Japanese Americans affiliated with the Honolulu Yamaguchi Kenjinkai in Hawaii about their families’ stories. The author participated in the 2021 Aloha Project, a collaboration between Suo-Oshima Town, Suo-Oshima High School, and Yamaguchi Prefectural University, to design a set of Aloha shirts. During the foundational research for this project, the author visited the Japanese Hawaiian Emigration Museum operated by Suo-Oshima Town, developing a strong interest in the relationship between Suo-Oshima and Hawaii, particularly the history and current state of emigration. After retiring and becoming a professor emeritus, the author began researching Japanese immigration in 2023. The research began in September 2023 with a visit to Los Angeles, home to the Japanese American National Museum, to investigate Nikkei communities across the United States. Interviews were conducted with members of the Nanka Yamaguchi Kenjinkai. In mid-June 2024, the author traveled to Honolulu to interview members of the Honolulu Yamaguchi Kenjinkai about their family stories. At the same time, research was conducted at the Hawaii Japanese Cultural Center to better understand previously documented historical events. With these insights, the author decided to describe the individual family narratives collected through interviews. The study revealed the existence of historically significant Japanese immigrant communities in areas like Moiliili and McCully, which are comparable to Little Tokyo in Los Angeles. These areas, being older, hold a key place in the history of Japanese immigration as centers of work, education, and daily life for Japanese Americans. Through interviews about the lives of immigrants and their ancestors, the study provides opportunities to reconstruct the history of immigration, life in Hawaii, and changes in values over time. This has underscored the importance of continuing this research. Additionally, interviews were conducted with residents of Suo-Oshima who have relatives who emigrated. The author plans to further investigate how Suo-Oshima’s history of immigration has influenced the awareness and lifestyles of its residents.

In the late Middle Ages, the Ouchi clan made secondary use of the Kurumazuka Tomb and Dainichi Tomb in connection with Myoken faith (Hokuto faith) in order to strengthen their own political voice in Suo Province. They also unified and strengthened their ritual rights within the clan by moving the bases of Myoken faith that existed all over the country to Kouryuji Temple and Jofukuji Temple in the Ouchi Basin, where they were based.

The purpose of this study was to clarify what kind of support is needed for education and employment of childhood cancer survivors based on the current situation and issues. The research method was a literature review, and 12 articles were collected. The collected literature was divided into two categories: education and employment, and descriptions of the status and issues were reviewed. As a result, it was found that, with regard to education, it is necessary to provide learning support from the time of hospitalization with a view to returning to school, to cooperate with teachers at both the in-hospital school and the school of origin, and to promote understanding of the disease among classmates who will accept the students after discharge from the hospital. In addition, it is necessary for them to acquire the ability to explain and develop strategies for disclosing their disease so that employers will have a correct understanding of pediatric cancer when they are looking for a job. Furthermore, after employment, it is necessary for supporters to think together about strategies to continue employment in spite of physical condition and late-effects complications. In addition, it is necessary to support the patients to grow as a person and acquire social skills through education even while they are hospitalized.

本研究は、生活者理解を目的として導入したライフヒストリーインタビューを初学者に用いることの効果、すなわち基礎看護学実習Ⅰの目的の一つである「対象を生活者として理解」するという目標が達成できているかどうかを明らかにすることを目的に、令和5年度基礎看護学実習Ⅰ受講生57名が教育の一環として作成したレポート内容 を研究のために二次利用し、学生が理解した「生活者」を質的帰納的に分析した。その結果、【自宅での日常生活を送る人】、【楽しみを追究する】、【前向きな思いがある】、【その人らしさがある】、【病気や老いに向き合う】、【家族との関係】、【地域の人との関係がある】、【役割を持つ人】、【否定的な感情がある】、【自立して生活したい】、【困難感を感じる】、【今後のことを考える】の12カテゴリが抽出された。これらの内容および視点は先行研究で示されており、本研究の結果とも一致していたことから、学生は対象を生活者として理解することができていた。

The purpose of this study was to examine whether university students' knowledge about blood donation is related to their willingness to donate blood and their behavior as part of efforts to promote blood donation behavior. The subjects were 79 female students at University A in Yamaguchi Prefecture, aged 20.367 ±1.312 years. Of the 79 subjects, 51 (approximately 65% of the total) had past lectures and self-study (learning experience) related to blood donation, and 28 (approximately 35% of the total) had no experience. Regarding the experience of actually donating blood (blood donation experience), of 79 people, 22 had experience (approximately 28% of the total) and 57 had no experience (approximately 72% of the total). Knowledge about blood donation was asked about 19 items, including “reasons why blood is needed,” “uses of blood,” and “types of blood donation. The results were as follows: (1) Those who had studied the subject had more knowledge about blood donation than those who had not studied the subject for all 19 items except for “Reasons why blood is needed” and “Uses of blood”. (2) For all items except “Uses of blood'' and “Information on blood donation buses in Yamaguchi Prefecture'', those who had experience of blood donation were more knowledgeable than those who had no experience of blood donation. (3) The reason for going to a blood donation for those who had experience donating blood was the availability of snacks and other small gifts, invitations from friends, etc. When thinking about going to donate blood, 60% of respondents said that it was because of their own convenience, such as having time, having a blood donation bus, being in good physical condition, and feeling well. In addition, 30% of the responders were due to factors from the blood center or others, such as a notification from the blood center that blood could be donated or an invitation from a friend. (4) More than 60% of the respondents who had never donated blood did so because of their physical condition, such as anemia or being underweight. In addition, lack of opportunity to go, image and impression of blood donation such as “painful” and “scary,” and lack of knowledge about blood and blood donation were also cited as reasons. (5) When we examined how gaining knowledge about blood donation was related to the willingness to take action for those who had never donated blood, we found that not only did gaining knowledge increase the willingness to take action, but also some did not change their willingness to take action and some decreased their willingness to take action after gaining knowledge. These findings suggest that it is important to make efforts to sustain interest in blood donation for those who have experienced blood donation behavior, and for those who have not donated blood, it is important to simultaneously provide knowledge about blood donation and opportunities to donate blood, and to devise approaches for those who lack weight or other factors to meet blood donation criteria.

Abstract: the “Act on Special Measures concerning Assistance in Self-Support of Homeless” was enacted in 2002, and the national and local governments began providing full-scale support for homeless people. The national survey on homelessness conducted in 2003 identified 25,296 homeless persons in 581 municipalities nationwide, while the January 2024 national survey confirmed 2,820 homeless persons in 217 municipalities. For more than a decade following the introduction of the Act on Special Measures, independence support centers have been the main providers of support. However, the enactment of the law to support the independence of people in need in 2013 has created a pathway for self-support, allowing homeless persons to make practical use of the welfare law. As support for homeless people became enhanced in this way, a new problem emerged: the free/low-cost lodging facilities were serving as a place, other than the temporary living support projects, to provide welfare coverage for homeless people based on independence support centers and the law to support the independence of people in need. However, their housing conditions were poor and facility usage fees were unreasonably high. One of the measures against this“ poverty business” is the newly established residential facilities for daily life support. This paper discusses the support those residential facilities provide to the residents who are experiencing homelessness toward in-home living based on a survey of visits to the facilities and interviews with the residents. The results showed that individuals experiencing homelessness have not only restored their health through the use of the facilities but also a sense of security and freedom thanks to the involvement of the staff. This stabilization of the body and mind allows them to imagine the transition from the use of the facilities to in-home living. When selecting a place for in-home living, it is also important to form a social support network for a life in the community after leaving the facilities. Therefore, it is necessary for the residential facilities to build good relationships with other facilities that assist people experiencing homelessness and with government agencies outside their jurisdiction, as well as to form networks among support personnel.

In recent years, early support for preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been the focus of social attention. In this study, we report the results of an early support program, APPLE, for one preschooler with ASD. As a result of the implementation of this program, it was confirmed that the joint attention behavior and verbal behavior of the child who participated in the program became richer. In the future, it is necessary to verify the effectiveness of the APPLE program by increasing the number of children participated in this program.

Felix P. Biestek published The Casework Relationship in 1957. Five years earlier, in 1952, Mary Overholt Peters, Field Representative of the Oklahoma State Department of Public Welfare, published “Notes from a Social Worker’s Journal” in an American journal of public welfare (April issue). This paper is an attempt to compare the two publications, which are still widely read by frontline social workers. The author was interested in the fact that they appeared in the same period. The result found that 10 of the 11 items in Peters’ article share common themes with Biestek’s Principles of Social Casework in The Casework Relationship. Second, none of the caseworker’s relationships with fellow caseworkers and supervisors in Peters’ article were applicable to Biestek’s Principles. The Principles of Casework represent the principles of the caseworker’s attitude toward their clients. Therefore, they understandably do not touch on the relationship with their colleagues. On the other hand, no section of“ Notes from a Social Worker’s Journal” mentions the principle of confidentiality. Regarding this issue, Mary Oberholt Peters, author of“ Notes from a Social Worker’ s Journal,” must have been naturally aware of the responsibility as a civil servant to protect the confidentiality of clients’ private information, as she was the liaison officer for the Public Welfare Department of the State of Oklahoma in the US. Finally, as for the connection between Peters’ article and Biestek’s Principles, it seems that practicing social work according the latter and reflecting on the practice based on the former will help improve the quality of social work as the reflection will lead to better practices.

Reprinting Note of Ozu Hisatari's "Iwabashino Nikki". Ozu Hisatari was a merchant of the Edo period. "Iwabashino Nikki" is a travelogue of his visits to Kyoto and other places.

This short essay is a report of what I did during my research travel to Florida in the late September 2024. It is explained why the University of West Florida is good for YPU students who are willing to study abroad in America. It is also proposed how to take advantage of one’s study abroad experience to improve his/her language proficiency to the CEFR C1 level where they can enjoy leisure topics in a foreign language. My proposal is based on the findings from my pragmatic research on parody and cultural accommodation, and consists of three steps. First, express yourself poetically. Second, edit the words given by others. Third, tell your identity. These steps are designed to combine language proficiency with proactiveness, thereby contributing to nurturing Global Communicators, as stated in the new diploma policy of the Faculty of Intercultural Studies.

The “GIGA School Initiative,” announced in December 2019, is a Japanese government program to enhance the digital learning environment in schools. It focuses on providing each student with a personal device and improving internet connectivity to support modern, technology-driven education. Considering this initiative, we have initiated a research program focusing on training language professionals with high digital competency. Since FY2022, we have developed and validated an initial instruction curriculum for English and Japanese through collaboration with the municipal government and local communities. We aim to address educational challenges in a global and multicultural society. In FY2024, the project’s third year, we intend to concentrate on two primary areas: 1) enhancing students’ digital literacy and 2) fortifying regional collaboration. Through these endeavors, we aspire to promote further the training of language teachers with advanced digital competencies and contribute to addressing educational challenges in a global and multicultural context.

Practice of Initiatives Under the Regional Japanese Language Education Start-up Program (Agency for Cultural Affairs): Focusing on the Overview and Reflection of the 'Minnade Hyakoro! Japanese Language Classroom' in Yoshika Town, Shimane Prefecture This paper introduces the main activities of the "Minna de Hyakorou!" Japanese language class launch project in Yoshika Town, Shimane Prefecture, implemented in collaboration between the local government and Yamaguchi Prefectural University in FY2024, as well as the findings from the participants' feedback. Reflecting on the classroom activities, it is important to create opportunities for closer interaction between local residents and foreigners, increase opportunities for face-to-face interaction alongside online sessions, and strengthen information exchange and cooperation with local organizations. It also became clear that there is a need for flexible teaching materials tailored to participants' needs, and for Japanese language education that is more closely connected to real-life situations. To further develop the project in the future, the key will be for the government, universities, and local residents to work together to advance the initiative.

This study examines the Japanese language as it emerged in Taiwan, using Yamaguchi Mamoru’s The Town on Papaya, Anthology of Japanese novels written in Colonial Taiwan, Koseisha,2024, as a reference. As part of project exercise, the author of this study led Yamaguchi Prefectural University students to Chia-Yi, Taiwan, to learn about the historical relationship between Yamaguchi and Taiwan. Chen Cheng-Po, a famous Taiwanese artist closely related to this exercise, wrote his will in Japanese before his execution. The findings demonstrate that although the Japanese language penetrated the Taiwanese people in Japan during the colonial era, it evolved in Taiwan after World War Ⅱ. Knowledge of the Japanese Language in Taiwan requires an understanding of the historical relationship between Taiwan and Japan among YPU students.

In this study, we design digital teaching materials in the basic courses “Information Society Seminar” and “Introduction to Well-Being” in the Department of Information Society Studies. Using Moodle, this study not only focuses on the development of information technology but also presents one possibility for training humanitiesbased DX (Digital Transformation) personnel by solving social issues through technology to improve well-being. In the “Information Society Seminar,” in addition to the traditional study skills using paper and pencil, we decided to provide students with opportunities to learn basic skills using digital materials such as metaverse and smart pen as well as pictogram production, prototyping, and the use of maps, which are necessary for the information society. In the “Introduction to Well-Being,” we constructed lessons that use technology to address a variety of social issues such as medical care, food, disaster prevention politics and work styles.

This paper is a compilation of information on prewar Japanese designer organizations, organized and documented using as a reference the book “Experiential Design History” by Ayao Yamana (David, Inc., 1976). Although “Experiential Design History” is a personal memoir, the author has been active as a designer since the 1920s and has been a driving force in the Japanese graphic design world. The book is an important resource for understanding the history of prewar Japanese design, as it describes in detail, from the perspective of those involved, the period during which those who were called “designers” were recognized by the public as designers. However, many of the introductions of design organizations are in the order recalled by the author, which is cumbersome, so they have been reorganized in chronological order for future use as research material.

Using various historical materials from the late Middle Ages to the early modern period, we will reconstruct the state of Tsukiyama-tate in Yamaguchi, Suo Province, where the Ouchi clan established their base in the late Middle Ages, after the demise of the clan, and extract its characteristics by comparing it with similar examples (samurai residences) from the Middle Ages.

This paper examines the changes in clothing articles in the third volume of SUTAIRU, a magazine edited by Uno Chiyo, in the process of its transformation from a “fun and stylish magazine” that dealt with overseas fashion information and fashionable lifestyles to a magazine that was in line with national policy.

We developed a lifestyle questionnaire to create a tool for community residents to learn about disease and lifestyle risks, improve their lives, and support health promotion. The questionnaire consists of eight major items (1.diet, 2. eating behavior, 3. physical activity, 4. sleep, 5. social interaction, 6. stress coping ability, 7. psychological condition, 8. health condition, medical history, and economic status), for a total of 82 questionnaire items. The questions were displayed on a tablet PC and were answered by tapping. The response time ranged from 10 to 25 minutes. Five items related to eating behavior, physical activity, sleep, mental health, and social network were selected from the questionnaire and represented on a 5-point radar chart to visually demonstrate the individual's healthy balance. Immediate feedback was provided to participants by a radar chart that appeared after completing the questionnaire. Later, the chart was printed on a special form and returned to the individual. Analyzing the lifestyle questionnaire alongside health checkup results helps individuals understand their risk of lifestyle-related diseases and the effects of their health behaviors. This process encourages behavioral changes for better health by prompting a review of lifestyle habits.

Alcoholism is a chronic progressive psychiatric disease and is suggested to be difficult to restore. It is also called “a disease of being alone,” and there is a societal stigma surrounding alcoholism. We need a society in which correct knowledge and better understanding about alcoholism and alcohol-related problem is widely disseminated and patients with alcoholism can recover easily.

Participation of residents is essential to promote local projects. A questionnaire was conducted on residents in Miyano area, Yamaguchi City for planning local community development. The aim of this study was to uncover factors for willingness to cooperate in local projects from analysis of the results of the questionnaire. Aid for people who are unable to go shopping, activity to watch over children, development of environment to raise children and anticrime measures were much-needed projects. Relations among neighbors were found to be a factor affecting willingness to cooperate in these projects. Our results suggest that improving relations among residents may lead to increased willingness to cooperate, resulting in enhancement of local community development.

Ever since Yanagida (2006) proposed that ``not only children but also adults should read picture books、'' the activity of adults reading picture books has been expanding. Picture book therapy is one of these activities. The purpose of this study was to examine participants' subjective experiences based on a qualitative analysis of their "impressions" of participating in picture book therapy. Picture book therapy was conducted once a month. Each session of picture book therapy had a different theme、 such as "Know Yourself" or "Feel Happiness. It consisted of five picture books facilitated by the same reader. Participation was not mandatory、and participants could attend whenever they wanted. The subjective experiences of the participants in the picture book therapy were as follows. Prior to their participation、 participants held the stereotype that "picture books are for children to read" and also had doubts about the effectiveness of the picture book therapy. However、after their participation、 the participants were able to receive various messages from picture books、 which helped them to stabilize their feelings and become aware of their inner world. In addition、 the participants showed behavioral changes、 such as showing compassion and interest in their surroundings and reading picture books in their daily lives.

This study is based on interviews with five war orphans who experienced the absence of a father or brotherin-aw in the postwar period. I examined how surviving family members made sense of the absence of their fathers and brother-in-laws from a narrative perspective. Based on this examination, I discussed family resilience in the face of loss. For bereaved family members, it is not easy to accept the absence or loss of a significant person. However, in order for the survivors to continue to live with the absence or loss of their father, they need to "maintain the foundation of their lives while they and their survivors take on the role of their father," "share memories and feelings for the deceased within the family," and "see the value of feeling a special connection with the deceased even if they cannot share it with other family members. It was considered important to "find value in feeling that there is a special connection with the deceased, even if there are things that cannot be shared with other family members.

This report is the result of interviews with students from abroad enrolled at Yamaguchi Prefectural University’s Graduate School about the prevailing educational and learning circumstances and their educational needs. These foreign students wish to hear and understand academic Japanese, and aim to write their master theses in academic Japanese. The University appreciates the importance of support when learning the Japanese language, but foreign students were unaware of the support provided by Yamaguchi Prefectural University for master’s students wishing to draft their thesis in academic Japanese.

The present work is a romanized transliteration of the Dhāraṇīparivarta, the twenty-first chapter of the Saddharmapuṇḍarīka which has been one of the most popular and influential sUtras among the Mahāyāna Buddhist Literature. For further infomation, see Suzuki [2008a] and [2009a].

The Blue & Green Art Project initiated its activities in 2020 with the goal of fostering regional sustainability through the connection of sea and land. This time, we introduced the perspective of wellbeing. The theme for this year's project was "Well-being by Sea and Land: Happiness is Found in Handicrafts". This thesis focuses on ‘Sustainable Handicraft Tradition and Design in Yamaguchi’, examining the mental, physical, and social wellbeing that handicrafts bring to people. It explores the dilemma between conventional handicrafts and design, delving into the study of wellbeing. Simultaneously, it archives presented in the exhibition ‘Happiness is Found in Handicrafts’ and explores new expressions of handicrafts. Concerning the tradition and transmission of handicrafts, the workshop was revealed as both a place of encounter and a valuable tool for discovering the inheritors.

For the ancient nation of Japan, the area corresponding to present-day Yamaguchi Prefecture was a major source of copper. Copper produced in this area played an important role in ancient society, being used as material for the Great Buddha statue and coins in Nara. However, the prehistory of the region, i.e., the situation before the related industries were brought under the direct control of the central government in the early 8th century, has not been fully examined. This paper, therefore, first outlines the conditions under which related industries have flourished in the region since the Yayoi period. It will also elucidate that the roots of the technology can be found on the Korean Peninsula. The paper also points out that the existence of such industries in the region was a precondition for the central government to take direct control of the region.

In recent years, many places all over the country have been competing to attract tourists, and various"words" have been used to emphasize their uniqueness. On the other hand, rather than some official tourism pamphlets, guidebooks, and tourism websites, visitors are looking for information on the internet and social media, as well as word-of-mouth information from people who have visited tourist destinations. The authors of this paper would like to point out that because the transmission of information itself is changing in this way, the "effect of words" in tourism itself is also different from what it used to be. Since the image and brand of a region is determined by the kind of "words" used to represent the region, we must reconsider the "effects of words". Therefore, the authors investigated approximately 25 noteworthy events and projects that successfully utilized the effects of words, to clarify the following two points. 1) How do words work in improving the experiential value of tourism for visitors? 2) How do words work in encouraging residents' participation in the community development throughtourism? As a result, it was possible to classify words into four types based on their effects: a) "open recruitment type", soliciting comments from the public, b) "branding type", revitalizing the region through products and services that use characteristic words, c) "artist-mediated type", editing the words by third parties such as artists, and d) "narrative type", showing off the words and stories unique to the area. It was found that it is important to perform appropriate "editing" the words to increase the value of thevisitor experience and promote residents' participation in tourism exchange.

What are the characteristics of successful second language learners? What learning strategies do they actively use? SLA researchers agree that successful second language learners share the following five factors: ⑴ They are young, ⑵ Their L1 is similar to the TL, ⑶ They have high language aptitude, ⑷ They have high motivation to learn the TL, and ⑸ Their language learning method is effective. Of these five factors, only ⑷ and ⑸ can be improved by teachers’ efforts. First, the age of the learner and the distance between the L1 and the TL cannot be changed by educational intervention. It is said that innate factors strongly influence language learning aptitude and that what teachers can do is limited. Teachers can only motivate students with motivational strategies and encourage them to employ effective learning methods that go with SLA research findings. The purpose of this paper is to provide basic information on teaching English. It will explain the following five factors: how to foster communicative competence, three types of memory, experiential and analytical learning beliefs, roles of AI in English education, and English language proficiency that English learners in Japan are expected to acquire.

瀬戸内海は、東アジアで最大の内海である。非常に豊かな生物多様性と、それに支えられた漁業の栄える、美しい自然がそこにはあった。その生物と伝統文化の豊かさは、戦後の高度経済成長の中で急速に失われた。生物学者の調査によれば、瀬戸内海の中で、奇跡的に多数の生物種が絶滅を免れて生き残っているのが、西の端の周防灘なのである。その周防灘に1982年から建設が計画されている、中国電力の上関原子力発電所計画は、現在までかろうじてのこされてきた生物多様性をおおきく損ねるおそれがある。この論文では、山口県知事による、「生物多様性を有する地域であるから科学的な環境影響調査を」という意見が、どのように作成されたかを明らかにする。さらに、祝島の神舞や、神社用地の原発への売却などの事例を通して、地域の独自の文化の多様性が、原発計画を押し止めるためにどのような役割を果たしてきたかを示して、原発にたよらない地域の未来を展望する。

This article is a field note from fieldwork conducted in September 2023 on Sansei and new Issei of Japanese descent belonging to the Nanka Yamaguchi Kenjinkai. It serves as a field study of Yamaguchi Prefecture and Japanese immigrants. A is a Sansei of Japanese descent and born in the mainland United States. B was born in Japan when his father, a returned Japanese American, went back to Japan. C is a Peruvian Nikkei Sansei who immigrated to the United States after studying abroad. Before the interview, we visited the Japanese American National Museum in Little Tokyo, an area known as a Japanese neighborhood, with a volunteer daent guide, who was a Japanese immigrant. Having common information about their experiences here, we conducted unstructured direct interviews. They discussed their ancestors' immigration, the war, the concentration camps, the 442nd Regimental Combat Team（an all-Japanese regiment）, and their personal lives. This paper attempts to highlight the immigrant reality of the Nanka Yamaguchi Kenjinkai on a personal level by comparing historical facts with personal family stories.

In response to the recent decline in fish catches caused by overfishing and marine pollution, policies have been implemented to conserve marine fishery resources by managing appropriate fish catches and recovering the resources. In this study, we took an improvement approach to consumer behavior problems and examined changes in personal image and behavior before and after lectures on marine fisheries resources for university students using PAC analysis.

The beach ground cricket, Dianemobius csikii (Orthoptera: Trigonidiidae), collected from the mouth of the Kiyotake River, Miyazaki City, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan (31.8°N, 131.5°E, 4.6 m elevation), is a bivoltine species and overwinters as the egg stage. This species has two wing forms, macropterous and brachypterous, and the macropterous rate at 28°C was higher in the long photoperiods. The effects of photoperiods on nymphal duration were small. The egg duration was affected by the rearing photoperiods of nymphs and adults and the egg-storing temperatures. The eggs were considered diapause eggs because when eggs were kept at 15°C for 20 weeks after oviposition, they were viable but did not hatch, regardless of the rearing photoperiods of nymphs and adults. At egg-storing temperatures of 20, 25, and 30°C, the egg duration showed two peaks, short and long, which were regarded as non-diapause and diapause eggs, respectively. The proportion of diapause eggs increased when the rearing photoperiods of nymphs and adults were short and eggstoring temperatures were low. When the rearing photoperiod of nymphs and adults was short, the diapause rate increased with increasing days after adult emergence. The egg diapause in D. csikii was determined by the rearing photoperiods experienced by nymphs and adults, egg-storing temperatures, and adult’s days after emergence. “Key words: adult’s days after emergence, egg diapause, egg-storing temperature, nymphal duration, nymph and adultrearing photoperiods, wing form”

In 1850, Fusemikaki created the guidebook ``KYUKI TEIYO'' as a guide to overcoming the famine.In the early modern period, there were many famines, and the food shortage was dire.The purpose of this paper is to examine the emergency Marine Products foods listed in the book and their standard Japanese names. Before the publication of “KYUKI TEIYO“,in 1734, the 8th Shogun Tokugawa Yoshimune ordered lords of the domain across the country to carry out an investigation of thee local natural resources.The Hagi domain also conducted an investigation into the natural resources of Nagato and Suo, and the results were reported to the shogunate. Words that were already identified as dialects were also included in the"KYUKI TEIYO"and written in the same manner. The"KYUKI TEIYO" was designed to be easy to understand for the general public, and is a valuable resource for understanding the Yamaguchi dialect of the time. Keywords: “KYUKI TEIYO”, famine foods, Yamaguchi dialect

When writing Japanese characters, there is often a debate over the choice of characters among the three types: kanji, hiragana, and katakana. Particularly, for formal nouns with a vague substantive meaning, writing them in hiragana is recommended. However, in recent years, there has been a noticeable increase in instances where formal nouns are expressed in kanji. The purpose of this paper is to use the Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese (BCCWJ) to examine scenarios in which kanji characters are chosen for the representation of "koto"(thing), contrary to the recommended hiragana usage in the case of formal nouns. The study also delves into the biased character choices observed in various fields when "formal nouns" are written in kanji.

Kazuki Yasuo (1911-1974), known as the painter of the "Siberia Series," has a group of art objects called " Omocha " made from discarded or unwanted objects. This essay confirms that the " Omocha " are the starting point of Kazuki's artistic creation, and that they are deeply related to his paintings.

TAT stories created by students to determine an individual's uncertainty orientation were analyzed using text mining techniques. The stories that included an uncertainty motive were those in which the difficulty of the task was caused by the characters' lack of experience. This study created examples of stories both with and without uncertainty motives.

"History of Books and Libraries" is a library and information science education subject in Japanese universities. However, no study has analyzed the contents of the subject. Thus, this study aims to clarify the knowledge acquired based on analyzed textbook index terms. Therefore, the knowledge covered in the subject is (1) centered on specific persons and libraries, (2) mostly related to Japan, with the United States and the United Kingdom being covered abroad, while Asian and Islamic countries are not so common, and (3) the emphasis is on the modern period. Furthermore, while the knowledge could be mentioned in other courses for library and information science education, "History of Books and Libraries" may provide a broader and more detailed explanation than other courses. Although the curriculum was changed during the 2009 revision of the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Library Act, there was no significant change in the knowledge covered in the subject. Keywords : Library and Information Science Education, Librarianship, Library History

Since incorporation, institutions of higher education have been urged to make decisions based on evidence rather than convention. One of these trends is the strengthening of the institute research (IR) function at each institution. However, it has been more than 10 years since the strengthening of the IR function attracted attention, almost no organization has seen an explicit organizational culture change. Insuch a situation, the phenomenal progress of digital technology has led to high expectations for DX (DigitalTransformation). In this paper, we will reexamine the essence of DX and present the vision of our DX/IR Promotion Office to realize a gradual transformation from a "conventional work style" to a "work style that is optimized to achieve business objectives". In addition, we will describe the proposed policy for materialization of the vision, based on the dialogue with the front-line level faculty and staff.

There are many studies on the "Nenchu-Gyoji-Hisho," a representative book on annual events established in late antiquity.However, opinions on the main issues, such as its establishment and subsequent changes, have been divided among the scholars, and there are still no settled theories. In order to improve the current state of the research, this paper will analyze the character of this document from various perspectives based on the results of the original research on the main manuscripts. Nenchu-Gyoji-Hisyo・Annual event books・historical documents・old manuscripts

This study revealed that when edible flowers are used in baked confectionery, the amount of functional ingredients changes. The amount of polyphenols was higher in the rose family, Rosaceae, and was also found to be higher in red petals than in non-red petals. Anthocyanin content was higher in red petals than in non-red petals. The content of functional ingredients varies depending on the type and color of the edible flower, and it is thought that the content is particularly greatly influenced by whether the petals are red or non-red. Key words：edible flower, polyphenol, anthocyanin

With the global spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection since the beginning of 2020, a state of emergency was declared in Japan, and our lives have been severely restricted, with voluntary restraints on going out and cancelling events. Under these circumstances, children's cafeterias have spread all over Japan as an effort to support families with children in poverty and need. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire-based survey of children's cafeterias in Yamaguchi Prefecture in the early stages of the spread of the novel coronavirus infection, and discussed changes in their activities and issues, as well as the status of cooperation with schoolsand other organizations. Key words ：the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection, a state of emergency, Children's cafeteria, School

In clinical practice, the attitude of the practice supervisor, such as the nurse or teacher, is important because it influences the learning of the nursing students. Nursing students learn a great deal through the relationships they form with nursing subjects (patients, family members, and other nursing subjects) and through the practice of nursing. The attitudes of practice supervisors, patients, and family members are believed to influence nursing students' confidence and motivation for the next stage of their practice. The purpose of this study was to examine how self-compassion, experiences of praise from practice instructors and patients/families, students' own psychological responses to experiences of praise, and achievement of practice goals affect nursing students' sense of on-the-job practice efficacy. Field practice efficacy consisted of "understanding and helping the subject efficacy," "maintaining relationships with friends efficacy," and "maintaining relationships with instructors and learning attitude efficacy. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the experience of being praised for the student's behavior, such as "being praised for working hard" and "being praised for studying well," had an effect on "understanding and helping the target" efficacy. In addition, psychological reactions such as "I feel motivated," "I am happy," and "I feel confident," which occur as a result of being praised, affected "the efficacy of maintaining relationships with friends. In addition, self-compassion, "experience of being praised for behavior," and "achievement of practice behavior goals" influenced "maintenance of relationship with instructor and learning attitude efficacy. This indicated that nursing students being given positive feedback and verbal praise by practice instructors, patients, and family members influenced their achievement of practice behavior goals and their self-efficacy for their next field practice. Key words：nursing students, Attitudes of practice instructors, self-compassion, the experience of receiving praise, self-efficacy for clinical practice

In April 2023, the Institute of Social Work Education for Children and Families (Institute of SWE for Children and Families) was established as an institution attached to the Faculty of Social Welfare at Yamaguchi Prefectural University,which has been providing social worker training education since 1994 and has produced many social welfare personnel in and outside Yamaguchi Prefecture. With the basic principle of ‘For the realization of happiness of children and families in Yamaguchi Prefecture’, the aim of the Institute of SWE for Children and Families is to improve the expertise of childcare, welfare, education and other personnel involved in child and family support and to explore ways to support children and families with difficulties. This paper reported on the practice of the Institute of SWE for Children and Families, an educational and research institute established at the university, in its first year of operation, taking into account the circumstances that led to its establishment. It also discussed the development of projects for the following year and beyond.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the operation of (1) counseling and support systems and (2) training systems related to the care of “ Concerned Children “ based on the results of a questionnaire survey of childcare facilities (“day care centers,” “kindergartens,” and “centers for early childhood education and care”) in Prefecture A. The results of the study revealed the following. Regarding (1) counseling support system, 96% of the facilities provided “counseling opportunities,” and another 69.5% provided consultation opportunities with outside experts. On the other hand, the counseling system in terms of tools and equipment, such as the use of SNS/ applications and the establishment of counseling rooms, had not yet been fully developed. In terms of the training system, more than 90% of the childcare facilities provided both inside of facility and outside of facility training, and the rate of training outside of the facility was higher than that inside of the facility. In particular, 66.3% of the inside facility training sessions were conducted in facility conferences. All of these results were significantly different when tested by a binary test.

The purpose of this paper was to study social exclusion as an effect of residential facility care in the provision of welfare services for persons with disabilities. This is based on an understanding of such welfare measures from the perspective of a system to provide social welfare that enables approximately 127,660 people with intellectual disabilities, autism spectrum disorders, etc. who are in institutions in Japan, to live in local society. The results showed the existence of not only the abuse of persons with disabilities as an outcome of the provision of welfare services to them, but also abuse in the background treatment premised on collective action, lack of staff to regulate these actions, lack of individual support, a shortage of staff to support regional transition, social isolation with 72.0% of residents staying for 10–40 years or longer, maintenance of the reproductive function of large-scale residential facilities, suppression of community life support services, policies that function to socially isolate and socially exclude as an effect of this, and a series of structural disadvantages at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels. These findings suggest the need for an improved system of social welfare provision. Keywords: Isolation, social exclusion, disability welfare measures, people with intellectual disabilities, Abuse of persons with disabilities

This study aims to examine the issues concerning the institutionalization of the Comprehensive Support System Development Project, in order to realize a community-based society as well as to assess the role of local governments in its implementation. First, the study outlines the background of the institutionalization of the project in terms of realizing a community-based society in conjunction with amendments to various laws. Next, I reviewed previous research. Then, with the use of case studies, the study investigates the practices of counseling support offices within the project, verifying how they implement the functions listed in Article 106-4, Paragraph 2 of the Social Welfare Act. The results showed that the practices of the counseling support office involves various roles, including identifying those who require support (outreach) in social work practices, initiating counseling support, providing support for participation, supporting community development and offering opportunities for continued accompanied support through collaborative activities arranged across multiple agencies. However, carrying out community development while providing individual support is challenging, and requires powerful backing from local governments. As one possible solution, this study suggests appointing public health nurses as community social workers, and becoming the key figures in community development within the framework of the Comprehensive Support System Development Project. Key Words：continued accompanied support，community development，public health nurses，community social workers

This study aims to analyze the feelings/thoughts of those who use the Self-Reliance Support System for the Needy, one of the support systems in the Comprehensive Support System Development Project, implemented by various cities and towns since April 2021. The objective is to provide insight into the forms of support required by support organizations (support providers) involved in this project. First, the study reviews previous studies to clarify the concepts of empathetic assistance and accompanied assistance. Next, three users of the Self-Reliance Support System for the Needy, were interviewed and their responses analyzed, then categorized into three parts: “Initial interview impressions”, “Thoughts on support and the support received”, and “Current thoughts.” The results elucidated the following four expectations that the users have of their support providers: “To listen carefully to them to fully understand their current situations facing everyday problems,” “To provide accurate support based on expertise,” “To accompany them on visits to relevant organizations and attend interviews with them,” and “To help with continued engagement.” The study found that the users’ first three expectations are met with the effective use of both empathetic and accompanied types of assistance, as mentioned in previous studies. However, the system is not fulfilling their fourth expectation of “continued engagement.” Based on the above findings, the study suggests that if the existing consultation support organizations cannot fulfill the role of a coordinator that forms the essential part of providing accompanied assistance, the public support institutions should take on the role in order to respond to the users’ expectation of “continued engagement.” Key Words empathetic assistance, accompanied assistance, the role of a coordinator, the public support institutions

This article provides basic material for the study of Qiwu Qian, a poet of the High Tang.In addition to the Explanatory Notes, this article has been divided into the following sections: I “Main books and ebsites used in preparing this article,” II “Qiwu Qian’s poems,” III “Qiwu Qian’s prose,” IV “Biographical material about Qiwu Qian,” V “Material about Qiwu Qian’s acquaintances,” VI “Zhulu (here, records of Qiwu Qian’s anthologies,　including individual poems),” VII “Shihua (here, discourse on poetry and the like that include references to Qiwu Qian and his poems),” VIII “Geographical works (here, works referring to place-names mentioned in Qiwu Qian’s poems and prose),” IX “Heyinshi (Ciyinshi) in esponse to Qiwu Qian’s poems (poems composed by other poets to match the rhyme [or rhyme characters] of Qiwu Qian’s poems),” and X “Bibliography of research on Qiwu Qian.”

This article introduced the table of contents of the literary magazine " BUNGEI FUDO ". These magazines were published in Yamaguchi City, Yamaguchi Prefecture from November 1945 to September 1949. This article covers the period from November 1945 to December 1947.

The "ISHIN100 Memorial Park," which creates multi-generational exchange through sports and cultural activities, will celebrate its 50th anniversary in November 2023. In this milestone year, there were calls within the organization for a renewal of the "symbol mark," including in terms of external appeal. This paper reports on the production process of the "ISHIN100 Memorial Park Symbol Mark," which was undertaken as a commissioned research project.

This paper describes an attempt to introduce VR in design education. As an introduction to learning about VR,we are attempting educational programs such as content creation using VR goggles as an approach. As a practical application, this paper also introduces the approach of regional collaboration. This paper discusses the use of VR from the viewpoints of design education and regional collaboration.

Implementing Active Learning in Korean language Education This paper discusses the background and issues surrounding Korean language learning and reports on the results of active learning practices implemented in class and self-study exchange groups carried out in the 2023 academic year. First, in class opportunities for group study were increased, allowing students to teach each other, and quizzes in every class were conducted to support students’ independent learning. In addition, active learning through culture was actively promoted to further increase student motivation. As extracurricular activities, two types of offline study sessions to prepare for the ‘Test of Proficiency in Korean’, as well as multiple online study sessions were conducted as part of the club activities. Although management of the self-study sessions was challenging, the participants expressed a high level of satisfaction. Carrying out this activity as part of the student club activities is one factor that facilitated the establishment of the self-study exchange meetings. Despite the burdens that accompany active learning, students were able to increase their amount of learning and their motivation to study was also stimulated by fellow learners, and therefore the overall environment for learning Korean was improved. Keywords：Korean Language Classes, Self-Study, Extracurricular Activities, Online Exchange, Active Learning

Ethical consumption, which is consumption that takes into consideration the natural environment, local communities, and society, has been attracting attention recently. In tourism, too, there is a movement to promote "ethical tourism," which contributes to the sustainability of the destination by including volunteer activities in the itinerary, in many parts of the world. Psychological studies have shown that altruistic behavior can have beneficial psychological effects not only for the beneficiary but also for the actor, and thus the future spread of ethical tourism is expected. However, previous studies, mainly case reports, have rarely discussed how ethical tourism can be spread. In this study, we examined the feasibility of promoting and developing ecotourism based on the results of a questionnaire survey focusing on citizens' environmental awareness and volunteerism. The results of a questionnaire survey conducted at a roadside station in Hiroshima Prefecture revealed that a high level of environmental awareness in economic activities, experience participating in volunteer activities, and a high level of interest in travel could lead to interest in ethical tourism. Therefore, it can be said that approaching the segment of consumers who consume in an environmentally conscious manner and have a high interest in volunteering and travel will be the key to the spread and development of ethical tourism in the future. Keywords: ecotourism, ethical consumption, environmental awareness, volunteerism.

　The "Sakeiki," the diary of Minamoto no Tsuneyori (985-1039), has attracted attention as a valuable historical document in the mid-Heian period due to his significant role as a practical bureaucrat. However, due to the scarcity of ancient manuscripts and the many problems with the current printed editions, research on this work has not progressed sufficiently. In this paper, we begin with an analysis of how the "Sakeiki" was transmitted after the death of Kyorai, and then examine the characteristics of the major existing manuscripts and collect anecdotes to comprehensively elucidate the various processes from its creation to the present state of this historical material. Minamoto Tsuneyori・Sakeiki・Ancient records・historical records transmission・ancient manuscripts

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the necessary and sufficient requirements for running the LMS virtual server.Along with the start of SPARC program, setting up the LMS, web servers and authentication system need to be constructed. However, how much financial investment and system performance is required were not clear. Therefore, this paper describes the requirements for installing a new server, and second it compares the LMS server with the performance and cost of virtual servers which were installed earlier at Yamaguchi Prefectural University as a criterion. Finally, it concludes that the new server was appropiriately selected based on the criterion.

This paper examines the Western and Japanese clothing found in the second volume (1937) of the magazine "SUTAIRU" edited by Uno Chiyo, and confirms that the magazine proposed a new beauty for active young women. In the pages of Western-style clothing, the magazine advocated a mode that celebrated the youthfulness and active beauty of young, energetic women. The page on kimono shows various aspects of kimono of the time, which were based on traditional kimono culture and transformed to fit the increasingly modern urban space.

Masachi Suzuki (1897-1967) was a librarian in modern Japan. Existing research has recognized his advocacy regarding the standard classification and his establishment of the first archives in Japan. However, Suzuki’s efforts in library statistics and surveys have not been sufficiently examined. Therefore, using literature as a source, this study analyzes Suzuki’s contributions to library statistics and surveys. Accordingly, Suzuki’s efforts were summarized in the following five points: (1) Compilation of statistical reports on higher school library, (2) introduction of overseas library statistics, (3) invention of library statistical formats, (4) criticism of existing library statistics and surveys, and (5) improvement of library surveys by the Japan Library Association. These efforts are believed to have been based on his interest in overseas library science, strict and meticulous character, and idealistic view of libraries.

Learners’ language learning beliefs are considered one of the most important factors influencing the acquisition of English communicative competence. The study of language learning beliefs flourished after Horwitz developed the BALLI (The Beliefs About Language Learning Inventory) in 1987. The BALLI consists of 34 items designed to investigate the ability and motivation to learn a foreign language. This questionnaire was developed for learners of English at universities in the U.S., but there have been some research studies in Japan based on the BALLI as well. Some studies have attempted to clarify the effects of short-term study abroad on language learning beliefs, the influences of past learning experiences on language learning beliefs, and the relationship between language learning beliefs and the learning strategies learners prefer. The present study clarifies the relationship between learners’ language learning beliefs and their preferred learning strategies. This paper also examines how learners’ language learning beliefs affect their attitudes toward learning English. First, the author will introduce previous studies closely related to this paper and formulate research questions. After answering the questions, the author will recommend desirable English language instruction at universities by referring to the author’s and other researchers’ research results.

The Faculty of Intercultural Studies at Yamaguchi Prefectural University focuses on the Teacher Training of Japanese and English Languages, featuring a curriculum that utilizes collaboration (units) between teaching and nonteaching subjects. This research was funded by the Yamaguchi Prefectural University Grant, as part of the project titled “Development and Verification of the Curriculum for Basic Instruction of English and Japanese through Collaboration of Administration, Schools and Local Communities Aimed at Solving Educational Issues in a Global and Multicultural Society”.This paper reports on the progress of the “Tego-project” by students of the teacher training program for Japanese and English Languages in 2023 and discusses the prospects for human resource development in the language education profession.

This article aims to analyze the “Style” magazine before the U.S-Japan war specifically from 1939-1941 .The “Style” magazine, edited and published by novelist Uno Chiyo, was published as a leisure magazine. However, “Style” changed its editorial policy and became a “Lifestyle Guidance Magazine” in 1940. Consequently, the articles on fashion and movies from the U.S. and France were replaced by propaganda photographs from Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. Moreover, this article sheds light on the controversy surrounding the idea of women working outside the household at this time.

Declining birth rate in Japan is a pressing issue that has garnered a significant amount of scholarly attention.Many couples express barriers to having a third child, citing financial concerns as the main reason. In addition, mental factors are the primary drivers for the decision to have children. Developing supportive relationships with others may provide reliable support in childbirth and child-rearing.

Undergraduate nursing students are required to acquire practical skills, and many of them may experience learning difficulties. However, the relationship between learning difficulties and motivation for pursuing nursing or vocational views remains unclear. In this study, a questionnaire was administered to 92 undergraduate nursing students to determine the influences of their motivation for pursuing nursing and vocational views on learning difficulties. Our results showed that students whose motivation for applying was “because someone recommended me” had difficulty understanding the lecture content. Those who answered “yes” to the item “a career in nursing would help me become my ideal self” found it difficult to acquire practical skills because of fewer opportunities but did not have difficulty balancing their academic and personal lives. Our findings suggest the need to consider measures to support nursing students’ learning by focusing on the motivation for applying for nursing and the vocational views on their learning difficulties.

The use of the Internet and digital devices may encourage social interactions among the elderly. However, the utilization rate of smartphones and other digital devices is not very high among the elderly. A questionnaire was administered to 119 elderly people aged 65 years or older to determine the association between smartphone usage frequency and the frequency of social interactions among them. Our results discovered that 83.2% of the elderly respondents used smartphones. Those who reported using their smartphones more frequently had fewer instances of social isolation and greater numbers of social interactions with others. Our findings also revealed a significant association between the frequency of using social networking services (SNS) on smartphones and the number of social interactions among the elderly. Our findings indicated that the use of smartphones as a means of communication may lead to more social interactions among elderly people.

This paper is the result of a GIS-based analysis of the characteristics of the ancient Ouchi Basin. In the first half of the paper, we began with the characteristics of settlements and burial mounds, and examined the role of flood control works, etc. In the second half of the paper, based on the results of the first half, the actual conditions of the early activities of the Tatara clan (Ouchi clan), which expanded its power based in this area in the early medieval period, were elucidated based on various historical documents.

Based on the results of theoretical and empirical studies, interviews were conducted with one affiliate and one subsidiary of Japanese ICT firms in Shandong Province. Although the productivity of affiliate and that of subsidiary were dependent on the headquarter, the affiliate made efforts to increase productivity by shifting from labor-intensive to more knowledge-intensive work, while the subsidiary was able to increase productivity even in labor-intensive activity as long as the parent company's management was doing well. Yet, in China, where human capital is growing considerably, the subsidiary was facing increasingly difficulty in recruiting workers for labor-intensive work. This indicates the need to investigate affiliated companies and subsidiaries separately, which has rarely been clarified in previous studies, many of which have been written from the parent company's perspective.

The rapid expansion of telework during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan brought a delightful opportunity for telework migration to Japanese rural areas that had not seen significant progress before the Pandemic. However, as the infection of COVID-19 began to subside, telework migration has shown some new aspects, such as an extension of commuting limits and simply relocating and moving to the edge suburbs. Considering that, this study takes the position that the area around JR Shin-Yamaguchi Station in Yamaguchi City is a marginal edge suburb for commuting to Hiroshima and Fukuoka cities, and examines the latent needs of telework migration targeting the hybrid workers who work in both cities. Also, considering migration as a kind of aggregation of real estate transactions and migrants as its target customers, the authors of this paper have tried to conduct a questionnaire survey of experienced teleworkers in Hiroshima and Fukuoka prefectures in July 2022. We attempted to understand their primary push and pull factors of the telework migration, and the size of the potential demand for the telework migration to the area around JR Shin-Yamaguchi Station. As a result, those who either themselves or their spouses are from or have lived in Yamaguchi Prefecture, plus those who have family and household reasons, such as nursing care for their parents, are the most likely to carry out telework migration. In addition, the size of the potential demand would be for approximately 3,400 people in the case where the telework implementation rate returns to the level at the beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This research was initiated by the Planning and Design Laboratory of Yamaguchi Prefectural University in 2011 as part of a project to revitalize a mountainous area in the Tokuji region of Yamaguchi City The Tokuji area is blessed with rich nature (forests), and the culture of papermaking has been passed down from generation to generation in the upper reaches of the pure "Saba River. Focusing on this precious regional resource, the company created clothing using knit art works that fuse plant material with natural knit materials, and presented them at fashion shows and exhibitions with the message of "Return to Nature," thereby exploring new possibilities for Tokuji handmade paper In 2021, the compilation of this series of exhibitions was held at the Suo Kokubunji Temple in Hofu City, downstream from the Saba River, where the Knit Art Exhibition was held This report describes the process and the results of the creation of cultural exchange between Yamaguchi City and Hofu City through an exhibition whose method is Installation, that fuses the regional resources between the two cities.

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This article introduced the historical background of “MURA NO SAIGO” written by Nakamura Seiko in July 1909.

TAT stories that were used to judge the presence of uncertainty motivation were analyzed by text mining. The stories following lead sentence number 2 were analyzed for this study. The results show that: (1) Words and phrases such as “search,” “depressed,” “future,” and “what should I do” were included in the stories with uncertainty motivation; (2) Stories without uncertainty motivation were characterized by the words “friend,” “alone,” and “man.”; (3) These Stories following lead sentence number 2 were shown to have a framing of the negative event and, a coping response.

The purpose of this study is to examine the social background to the boom in school ghost stories in Japan in the 1990s, in the light of the latest psychological research on the paradox of fear. Until now, the reason for children to seek out scary stories has been explained as them overcoming the crisis of adolescence. However, recent psychological research has proposed a coactivation-based model of fear and enjoyment. In the light of this, this study indicates that in contemporary society children are not allowed to enjoy experiencing fear. The study concludes that the school ghost story boom was a result of children being deprived of opportunities to experience fear in their lives.

“Introduction to Lifelong Learning” is a common and compulsory subject required by librarians, curators, and social education directors for certification in Japanese higher education. However, no research has been conducted on the contents of this subject. Thus, this study aims to clarify the knowledge acquired in the subject based on an analysis of index terms in textbooks. The primary results are as follows: (1) this subject is connected to adult and community education; (2) the subject contents depend on the type of certificate; (3) there are few common terms in the indices; (4) indices contain many terms specified in law as well as the names of foreign people; and (5) there are fewer words related to educational administration or learning support than to lifelong education or educational facilities.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the famine foods listed in the “KYUKI TEIYO.” It was compiled by Fuse Mikaki, a local magistrate in Ogori in 1850, under the order of the lord of the Hagi domain, Mori Yoshichika, whose name later changed to Mori Takachika. In addition, the documented items contained in it will be compared with the standard Japanese names. The “KYUKI TEIYO” includes a mixture of words unique to the Yamaguchi dialect of the time and words of the same form as the standard language. In this paper, they are summarized to give a complete picture. This examination will lead to a better understanding of the plant and marine products that the Japanese people used to overcome repeated disasters, and will also help to pass on a sustainable food culture in an era of uncertainty.

The purpose of this paper is to present the concept of the curriculum design for the General Education Curriculum that started in 2022, and to present the concept of the instructional design for the “Project to Design the Future of Yamaguchi,” which is a comprehensive assessment subject. Up until now this university had designed its curriculum using the so-called “theme-based” method. However, in a new era of unpredictability, the nature of the qualities and abilities demanded of university education by society and university establishers is changing. Therefore, the decision was made to design the new General Education Curriculum using a competency-based method of backward design with the required qualities and abilities set as educational targets. While combining the diverse knowledge they acquired in the first semester, students for mixed teams from all departments in the second semester and based on the design thinking process, generated ideas oriented toward solving problems in the local community. A rubric-type evaluation forms was used to visualize the students’ academic achievements.

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The egg period, egg size, and daily changes in egg size were investigated in the field cricket, Teleogryllus emma. T. emma inhabits the slope of the Oishi Dam (OD) (38.03°N, 139.57°E) and Arakawa riverside (AR) (38.09°N, 139.57°E) in Sekikawa Village, Niigata Prefecture, Japan. We studied OD, AR, and the F1 hybrids, viz, OdAr (OD females × AR males), and ArOd (AR females × OD males) and determined whether daily changes in egg size are related to shortening of the egg period of T. emma on the dam slope. The egg periods in OD, AR, OdAr, and ArOd were shorter at higher temperatures (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, the egg period in OD was shorter than that in AR and OdAr (p ≤ 0.05). After oviposition, the eggs enlarged due to water absorption and entered diapause at the embryonic stage of the array. The major axes of eggs in OD, AR, OdAr, and ArOd expanded daily and were influenced by temperature whereby a higher temperature resulted in an increase in the major axes. At 15ºC, the major axis gradually increased after oviposition, reaching its maximum at 130 days. The eggs grew rapidly at temperatures ≥ 20ºC and reached their maximum size at 10−14 days, 5−7 days, and 4−6 days after oviposition at 20, 25, and 30ºC, respectively. The expansion of the major axis up to 7 days after oviposition showed that the egg size in AR increased faster than that in OD at 15ºC, while that in OD increased faster than AR at 20, 25, and 30ºC, indicating that the expansion rate in OD and AR eggs differed with temperatures. Temperature-dependent changes in the expansion rates in OD and AR up to 7 days after oviposition suggest that they may be associated with shortened egg period.

The mechanisms involved in triggering hatching behavior in the katydid Eobiana engelhardti subtropica (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) remain largely unknown. Therefore, in this study, I aimed to clarify the mechanism of hatching behavior triggered by a light-on (L-on) signal. Hatching under transition from continuous darkness to continuous light (i.e., L-on step, dark pulses, and photoperiods) was concentrated within 2 h after the L-on, indicating that it was triggered by the L-on signal. Furthermore, hatching was directly triggered by a single L-on signal. However, the time from L-on to hatching under dark pulses and photoperiods was affected by the duration of the dark period. This dependency on the dark period’s duration before L-on indicates that it differs from the hatching trigger under the L-on step. The time from L-on to the earliest hatching time and the mean hatching time were similar under dark pulses and photoperiods. Those times were also similar at 15 and 20°C. This suggests that the time from L-on to hatching under dark pulses and photoperiods exhibits temperature compensatory properties, a characteristic of biological clocks. The time ranges from a few minutes to several tens of minutes; however, it is suggested that it is controlled by a time-measuring mechanism involving dark periods. Although it is well known that the L-on signal is involved in the time-measuring mechanism, to the best of my knowledge, this is the first study to report that the time-measuring mechanism is involved in the triggering of hatching behavior based on the L-on signal.

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to prepare two types of fruit wine with 10% and 20% peel using three types of citrus from Kagoshima Prefecture (Beni-amatsu, Kawachi-bankan, and Fukiage-konatsu), and to explore changes over time after preparation. Methods：Fruit wine was prepared using fruit, fruit peel, glacial sugar, and white liquor. The peels and fruit were removed from the fruit wine at 4 weeks after pickling, and the color difference, acidity, sugar content, and pH were measured thereafter until the 20th week. Fruits and peels removed from fruit wine were freeze-dried and extracted with 35% and 70% ethanol, and the total polyphenol content and DPPH radical scavenging capacity were determined along with the fruit wine. Results：The fruit wine with 20% fruit peel showed higher L*, a*, and b* values than the wine with 10% fruit peel, but the acidity, sugar content, and pH showed little difference due to the amount of fruit peel. L*, a*, and b* values and acidity increased and sugar content decreased until the fourth week after pickling, but remained almost unchanged after the fruit and peel were removed at the fourth week. The total polyphenol concentration in the fruit wine was higher in fruit wine with 20% fruit peel than in fruit wine with 10% fruit peel for all citrus, and remained unchanged after the fourth week. The DPPH radical scavenging capacity of fruit wine with 20% fruit peel was higher than that of wine with 10% fruit peel and remained flat or decreased after the 4th week.

本研究は、新型コロナ感染症禍で小児看護学実習を行った学生の学びを明らかにすることを研究目的とした。 2021年度に小児看護学実習を実施した学生のうち本研究への協力を同意した49名の実習終了時に提出する「小児看護学実習評価表」の自由記載欄に記載された内容を研究対象とし分析を行った結果、5カテゴリー、10サブカテゴリ―が抽出された。 学生は臨地実習を通して、新生児期から思春期までの様々な発達段階の子ども達と接することによって【発達段階に応じた関わり方】を学んでいた。また、子どもという対象の特性を理解し、【観察することの重要性】やケア時には『家族の協力が必要不可欠』であり【小児看護における家族】という大切な視点を学び取っていた。そして、実際に小児へのケアを通して『正確に安全で素早いケアの実施』や『恐怖や不安を軽減させる関わり』という【処置/ケア時の援助】に必要な関わり方や『測定技術の難しさ』を学んでいた。また、自宅に帰ってからも家族がしっかり子どもの看護が出来るように看護師には【継続看護への支援】の役割があることを学んでいた。 今回の結果から、新型コロナ感染症禍で制限がある小児看護学実習でも臨地実習で習得すべき要素は学べていることが分かった。