In many textbooks and research articles, Ehrlich’s ꞵ granules are generally described as amphophilic granules that stain with both acidic and basic dyes, and are regarded as the specific granules of granular leukocytes corresponding to neutrophils in rabbits and guinea pigs. However, in Ehrlich’s original publications, ꞵ granules are described as being present in immature eosinophils of various vertebrates, and their maturation is considered to lead to the formation of the eosinophil specific granules (α granules). According to current knowledge, these ꞵ granules correspond to the azurophilic granules in immature eosinophils. This study examined historical and contemporary literature to clarify how the concept of Ehrlich’s ꞵ granules became ambiguous over time. Amphophilic ꞵ granules were found to originate from a description in Schwarze’s doctoral thesis, which was based on experiments carried out in Ehrlich’s laboratory. This description is thought to have drawn on Ehrlich’s personal correspondence. From the findings of this investigation, amphophilic ꞵ granules were likely a term used to describe the neutrophil granules of rabbits and guinea pigs during the transitional period before Ehrlich established the category of neutrophilic ε granules.

Many roadside stations are located in mountainous and rural areas, helping to revitalize regional economies； however, such areas currently face various challenges related to improving living environments, including the supply of daily necessities such as groceries. This issue is, particularly urgent for individuals with limited access to shopping. Going forward, measures to support the shopping disadvantaged must be balanced with profitable operations； however, few studies have addressed both perspectives simultaneously. Therefore, this study identified challenges in balancing seafood direct sales operations with measures for the shopping disadvantaged. It examined the roadside station Kaminoseki Kaikyo, which handles seafood, and clarified its operational status through interviews. Based on the facility’s efforts and participant responses, this study explored the feasibility of, and strategies for balancing the shopping disadvantaged with profitable operations. The results indicate that a significant challenge in achieving this dual purpose is improving store profitability while reducing the time and labor required for operations. To address this challenge, this study proposes a strategy that targets approximately half of the visitors—residents of Kaminoseki Town and neighboring municipalities—by offering rewards based on their purchasing behavior to secure them as repeat customers.

Triacid staining is a technique used to confirm the neutrophilic properties of constituents, resulting in a purple color in neutrophilic substances such as neutrophilic granules. However, it is known that neutrophilic substances that are normally purple in triacid staining may occasionally exhibit the color of the acidic dye, which is one of the dyes included in the triacid staining solution. This study reports that the cause is the presence of excessive free acidic dye in the triacid staining solution and examines this staining model. The dye complex formed in a triacid staining solution consisting of orange G, acid fuchsin, and methyl green has two binding sites for neutrophilic substances, and free acidic dyes may be mixed with this complex. In such cases, it was inferred that the preferential binding of the acidic dye to the neutrophilic substance was due to the number of acidic groups corresponding to the free acidic groups of the acidic dye being higher than the number of free acidic groups at the binding sites of the dye complex.