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This study examined the effects of role lettering (RL) on mothers raising their first child in infancy. Mothers raising their first child in infancy experience unique childcare anxiety and are prone to mental instability. The Japanese government has set up support systems for mothers raising children, such as postpartum care programs; however, many of these require mothers to go out to seek support. Considering that mothers raising children are unable to go out easily, it is necessary to consider ways to provide support that are more convenient for mothers. We focused on RL as a method to support this. RL is a role-exchange letter method in which one writes a letter from the perspective of both oneself and others, in this case, the mother and the child, respectively. By conducting this back-and-forth correspondence alone, one encourages self-reflection. Putting oneself in another person's shoes allows one to look at oneself from a new perspective, promotes an understanding of the self and others, and encourages self-acceptance. This study hypothesized that RL could be utilized by mothers raising their first child, and if its effectiveness could be clarified, it could be used as a tool to support child-rearing. This paper consists of four sections. Chapter 1 presents the current situation and issues surrounding mothers raising their first child, a literature review on support for mothers raising their children, a literature review on RL, and the significance and purpose of this study. In Chapter 2, semi-structured interviews were conducted after RL was administered thrice to six mothers raising their first child before preschool. The data obtained were analyzed using the KJ method to structure the effects of RL. We also examined changes in the description of letters in the RL. In Chapter 3, we examine the effects of RL using a randomized controlled trial in a group of 26 mothers raising their first 0-year-old child in a group of three RLs and a control group. We also examined changes in the description of letters in the RL. Chapter 4 provides a comprehensive discussion of the effects of RL on mothers raising their first child during infancy based on the findings in Chapters 2 and 3. In sum, the effects of RL done thrice by mothers raising their first child in infancy are as follows. First, mothers write freely to the child, the letter recipient, without restrictions, thus express their feelings honestly; this naturally allows the mother to affirm her own identity. Second, by writing from the child’s perspective, the mother can think of how the child feels. These activities led to an increase in the mother’s self-esteem and positive feelings toward the child. Such a change in feelings gives the mother of a firstborn child a sense of recognition and confidence in her parenting. The results suggest that such confidence may lead to behavioral changes and willingness to connect with the outside world, such as mothers visiting places for parent-child interaction and consultation with public health nurses.

We developed a lifestyle questionnaire to create a tool for community residents to learn about disease and lifestyle risks, improve their lives, and support health promotion. The questionnaire consists of eight major items (1.diet, 2. eating behavior, 3. physical activity, 4. sleep, 5. social interaction, 6. stress coping ability, 7. psychological condition, 8. health condition, medical history, and economic status), for a total of 82 questionnaire items. The questions were displayed on a tablet PC and were answered by tapping. The response time ranged from 10 to 25 minutes. Five items related to eating behavior, physical activity, sleep, mental health, and social network were selected from the questionnaire and represented on a 5-point radar chart to visually demonstrate the individual's healthy balance. Immediate feedback was provided to participants by a radar chart that appeared after completing the questionnaire. Later, the chart was printed on a special form and returned to the individual. Analyzing the lifestyle questionnaire alongside health checkup results helps individuals understand their risk of lifestyle-related diseases and the effects of their health behaviors. This process encourages behavioral changes for better health by prompting a review of lifestyle habits.

Alcoholism is a chronic progressive psychiatric disease and is suggested to be difficult to restore. It is also called “a disease of being alone,” and there is a societal stigma surrounding alcoholism. We need a society in which correct knowledge and better understanding about alcoholism and alcohol-related problem is widely disseminated and patients with alcoholism can recover easily.

Participation of residents is essential to promote local projects. A questionnaire was conducted on residents in Miyano area, Yamaguchi City for planning local community development. The aim of this study was to uncover factors for willingness to cooperate in local projects from analysis of the results of the questionnaire. Aid for people who are unable to go shopping, activity to watch over children, development of environment to raise children and anticrime measures were much-needed projects. Relations among neighbors were found to be a factor affecting willingness to cooperate in these projects. Our results suggest that improving relations among residents may lead to increased willingness to cooperate, resulting in enhancement of local community development.

Ever since Yanagida (2006) proposed that ``not only children but also adults should read picture books、'' the activity of adults reading picture books has been expanding. Picture book therapy is one of these activities. The purpose of this study was to examine participants' subjective experiences based on a qualitative analysis of their "impressions" of participating in picture book therapy. Picture book therapy was conducted once a month. Each session of picture book therapy had a different theme、 such as "Know Yourself" or "Feel Happiness. It consisted of five picture books facilitated by the same reader. Participation was not mandatory、and participants could attend whenever they wanted. The subjective experiences of the participants in the picture book therapy were as follows. Prior to their participation、 participants held the stereotype that "picture books are for children to read" and also had doubts about the effectiveness of the picture book therapy. However、after their participation、 the participants were able to receive various messages from picture books、 which helped them to stabilize their feelings and become aware of their inner world. In addition、 the participants showed behavioral changes、 such as showing compassion and interest in their surroundings and reading picture books in their daily lives.

This study is based on interviews with five war orphans who experienced the absence of a father or brotherin-aw in the postwar period. I examined how surviving family members made sense of the absence of their fathers and brother-in-laws from a narrative perspective. Based on this examination, I discussed family resilience in the face of loss. For bereaved family members, it is not easy to accept the absence or loss of a significant person. However, in order for the survivors to continue to live with the absence or loss of their father, they need to "maintain the foundation of their lives while they and their survivors take on the role of their father," "share memories and feelings for the deceased within the family," and "see the value of feeling a special connection with the deceased even if they cannot share it with other family members. It was considered important to "find value in feeling that there is a special connection with the deceased, even if there are things that cannot be shared with other family members.

This report is the result of interviews with students from abroad enrolled at Yamaguchi Prefectural University’s Graduate School about the prevailing educational and learning circumstances and their educational needs. These foreign students wish to hear and understand academic Japanese, and aim to write their master theses in academic Japanese. The University appreciates the importance of support when learning the Japanese language, but foreign students were unaware of the support provided by Yamaguchi Prefectural University for master’s students wishing to draft their thesis in academic Japanese.

The present work is a romanized transliteration of the Dhāraṇīparivarta, the twenty-first chapter of the Saddharmapuṇḍarīka which has been one of the most popular and influential sUtras among the Mahāyāna Buddhist Literature. For further infomation, see Suzuki [2008a] and [2009a].

The Blue & Green Art Project initiated its activities in 2020 with the goal of fostering regional sustainability through the connection of sea and land. This time, we introduced the perspective of wellbeing. The theme for this year's project was "Well-being by Sea and Land: Happiness is Found in Handicrafts". This thesis focuses on ‘Sustainable Handicraft Tradition and Design in Yamaguchi’, examining the mental, physical, and social wellbeing that handicrafts bring to people. It explores the dilemma between conventional handicrafts and design, delving into the study of wellbeing. Simultaneously, it archives presented in the exhibition ‘Happiness is Found in Handicrafts’ and explores new expressions of handicrafts. Concerning the tradition and transmission of handicrafts, the workshop was revealed as both a place of encounter and a valuable tool for discovering the inheritors.

For the ancient nation of Japan, the area corresponding to present-day Yamaguchi Prefecture was a major source of copper. Copper produced in this area played an important role in ancient society, being used as material for the Great Buddha statue and coins in Nara. However, the prehistory of the region, i.e., the situation before the related industries were brought under the direct control of the central government in the early 8th century, has not been fully examined. This paper, therefore, first outlines the conditions under which related industries have flourished in the region since the Yayoi period. It will also elucidate that the roots of the technology can be found on the Korean Peninsula. The paper also points out that the existence of such industries in the region was a precondition for the central government to take direct control of the region.

In recent years, many places all over the country have been competing to attract tourists, and various"words" have been used to emphasize their uniqueness. On the other hand, rather than some official tourism pamphlets, guidebooks, and tourism websites, visitors are looking for information on the internet and social media, as well as word-of-mouth information from people who have visited tourist destinations. The authors of this paper would like to point out that because the transmission of information itself is changing in this way, the "effect of words" in tourism itself is also different from what it used to be. Since the image and brand of a region is determined by the kind of "words" used to represent the region, we must reconsider the "effects of words". Therefore, the authors investigated approximately 25 noteworthy events and projects that successfully utilized the effects of words, to clarify the following two points. 1) How do words work in improving the experiential value of tourism for visitors? 2) How do words work in encouraging residents' participation in the community development throughtourism? As a result, it was possible to classify words into four types based on their effects: a) "open recruitment type", soliciting comments from the public, b) "branding type", revitalizing the region through products and services that use characteristic words, c) "artist-mediated type", editing the words by third parties such as artists, and d) "narrative type", showing off the words and stories unique to the area. It was found that it is important to perform appropriate "editing" the words to increase the value of thevisitor experience and promote residents' participation in tourism exchange.

What are the characteristics of successful second language learners? What learning strategies do they actively use? SLA researchers agree that successful second language learners share the following five factors: ⑴ They are young, ⑵ Their L1 is similar to the TL, ⑶ They have high language aptitude, ⑷ They have high motivation to learn the TL, and ⑸ Their language learning method is effective. Of these five factors, only ⑷ and ⑸ can be improved by teachers’ efforts. First, the age of the learner and the distance between the L1 and the TL cannot be changed by educational intervention. It is said that innate factors strongly influence language learning aptitude and that what teachers can do is limited. Teachers can only motivate students with motivational strategies and encourage them to employ effective learning methods that go with SLA research findings. The purpose of this paper is to provide basic information on teaching English. It will explain the following five factors: how to foster communicative competence, three types of memory, experiential and analytical learning beliefs, roles of AI in English education, and English language proficiency that English learners in Japan are expected to acquire.

瀬戸内海は、東アジアで最大の内海である。非常に豊かな生物多様性と、それに支えられた漁業の栄える、美しい自然がそこにはあった。その生物と伝統文化の豊かさは、戦後の高度経済成長の中で急速に失われた。生物学者の調査によれば、瀬戸内海の中で、奇跡的に多数の生物種が絶滅を免れて生き残っているのが、西の端の周防灘なのである。その周防灘に1982年から建設が計画されている、中国電力の上関原子力発電所計画は、現在までかろうじてのこされてきた生物多様性をおおきく損ねるおそれがある。この論文では、山口県知事による、「生物多様性を有する地域であるから科学的な環境影響調査を」という意見が、どのように作成されたかを明らかにする。さらに、祝島の神舞や、神社用地の原発への売却などの事例を通して、地域の独自の文化の多様性が、原発計画を押し止めるためにどのような役割を果たしてきたかを示して、原発にたよらない地域の未来を展望する。

This article is a field note from fieldwork conducted in September 2023 on Sansei and new Issei of Japanese descent belonging to the Nanka Yamaguchi Kenjinkai. It serves as a field study of Yamaguchi Prefecture and Japanese immigrants. A is a Sansei of Japanese descent and born in the mainland United States. B was born in Japan when his father, a returned Japanese American, went back to Japan. C is a Peruvian Nikkei Sansei who immigrated to the United States after studying abroad. Before the interview, we visited the Japanese American National Museum in Little Tokyo, an area known as a Japanese neighborhood, with a volunteer daent guide, who was a Japanese immigrant. Having common information about their experiences here, we conducted unstructured direct interviews. They discussed their ancestors' immigration, the war, the concentration camps, the 442nd Regimental Combat Team（an all-Japanese regiment）, and their personal lives. This paper attempts to highlight the immigrant reality of the Nanka Yamaguchi Kenjinkai on a personal level by comparing historical facts with personal family stories.

In response to the recent decline in fish catches caused by overfishing and marine pollution, policies have been implemented to conserve marine fishery resources by managing appropriate fish catches and recovering the resources. In this study, we took an improvement approach to consumer behavior problems and examined changes in personal image and behavior before and after lectures on marine fisheries resources for university students using PAC analysis.