Associations of lifestyle with activities of daily living and physical fitness in the elderly : A comparison between mountainous and urban areas

高齢者の暮らしぶりと日常生活動作及び体力との関連 : 中山間地域と都市部の比較

Associations of lifestyle with activities of daily living and physical fitness in the elderly : A comparison between mountainous and urban areas

Creators Nakamura Atsuko

Creators Minokoshi Yoshihiro

Creators Hitomi Eri

Creators Nakamura Bunya

Creators Yoshimura Koichi

Creators Tanaka Makiko

中山間地域と都市部に暮らす高齢者の比較から、日常生活動作(ADL)や体力の維持に関連する日々の暮らしぶりを明らかにすることを目的として、本調査研究を実施した。対象者は65歳以上の高齢者で、山口市の中山間地域である蔵目喜地区に居住する19人と都市部である湯田地区に居住する20人であった。暮らしぶりとADLを質問紙により調査した後に、対象者の体力を文部科学省の新体力テストを用いて評価した。ADLの総合得点について両地区の間に差はなかったが、階段を昇る動作については湯田地区の方で良好であった。新体力テストの総合計についても両地区の間に差は見られなかった。しかし、長座体前屈については蔵目喜地区の方で良好な傾向が見られた。これらの結果との関連が示唆される暮らしぶりとして、湯田地区では蔵目喜地区よりも階段の上り下りや自転車に乗ることが多かった。また、蔵目喜地区では湯田地区よりも坂道の歩行や屋外で過ごすことが多かった。本研究の結果から、各地区の特徴的な暮らしぶりが一部のADLや体力項目に良い影響を与えている可能性が示唆された。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of daily lifestyle with activities of daily living(ADL) and physical fitness by comparing elderly people living in a mountainous area with those in an urban area. The subjects were 19 volunteers living in Zomeki district, a mountainous area, and 20 volunteers in Yuda district, an urban area, in Yamaguchi City. All participants were aged 65 years and older. After data on lifestyle and ADL were obtained by questionnaire, physical fitness was assessed by the new physical fitness test of Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Although there was no difference between the two districts in overall points of ADL, the participants in Yuda got better scores in activity of stair climbing. There was also no difference between the two districts in overall points of the new physical fitness test. However, the participants in Zomeki tended to get better scores in forward bending at long sitting position. As a possible lifestyle that might affect these results, the participants in Yuda used to go up and down stairs and ride a bicycle more often than those in Zomeki. In addition, the participants in Zomeki used to walk on a slope and spend time outdoors more often than those in Yuda. These findings suggest that a characteristic lifestyle in each district may have a positive impact on subsets of ADL and physical fitness.

[ISSN]2189-4825