The aim of this paper is to examine historical materials that show the political and military roles played by Buddhist priests during the civil war at the end of the Edo era, when the Tokugawa shogunate was opposed by various clans. They overthrew the old regime and ushered in the Meiji era, when the emperor reigned. During the Edo era when today’s Yamaguchi Prefecture was known as the Chōshū clan, Shin Buddhism priests belonging to temples in the clan’s territory set up a new school for monks to learn both liberal arts and French style martial arts to prevent Buddhism and temples, which were linked to the Tokugawa shogunate, from being destroyed. This study focuses on one of the priests involved in this movement, Kagawa Hōkō, and aims to clarify the reality of previously undocumented espionage activities using three historical documents. The third document is a transcript of an interview with the mother of a merchant in Osaka who was a supporter of the Chōshū clan’s espionage activities. It provides specific details about how the spies raised the funds they needed, how they communicated their information, and how they evaded the authorities by moving from one hiding place to another. There was also a monk, a spy mate of Hōkō, who abandoned his espionage duties and instead spent the money on sake and geisha. He ended up abducting a geisha and ran away, which led to Hōkō being imprisoned by both the shogunate’s Shinsengumi and the Chōshū clan on two separate occasions. After this, Hōkō and his comrades became responsible priests at the heart of the administration of the Shin Buddhism Hongwanji sect in the Meiji era, and he became the president of a university established by the sect, but in his twenties, he was involved in military activities like this. This is a new and interesting specific case that has previously been undocumented.

基盤教育Ⅳ群の「やまぐち未来デザインプロジェクトⅠ・Ⅱ」は、2023年度から３年間の予定で、一般財団法人三菱みらい育成財団から、カテゴリー４「21世紀型教養教育」として助成を受けている。2024年9月28日、JPタワーホール（東京都千代田区）において、「みらい育成アワード2024～知見、実践、その想いを分かち合う～」が開催され、2023年度に採択された助成先の中から、カテゴリーごとに、優れた活動・成果に賞が贈られた。本稿は、グランプリの受賞スピーチを報告するものである。

本論文では、チャットサーバを大学に導入するさいに留意すべき点を述べる。第一にチャットサーバの概要を述べチャットサーバを導入する際の問題点を指摘する。次にそれら問題点を解決するためにオープンソースのチャットサーバであるMatrix を導入したことを述べ、最後にチャットサーバを導入することにより提供できるようになるサービスのかたちを主張する。

日本人児童は生活で多くの言葉を自然に習得していくが、外国人児童はその機会が少ないため、算数の文章題においても日本語力が問題解決に影響を与えていると推察される。 そこでまず、市販の問題集をテキストマイニングし、使用頻度の高い言葉を抽出した。次に、日本語能力試験出題基準の難易度と教科書における使用状況を調査した。算数文章題でよく使われる語彙は、日常生活で使われる身近なものが7 割以上を占めていた。算数ではあまり使われないものでも、他の教科での使用が多いとこが明らかとなった。 算数文章題を解くうえで、一部の難易度の高い言葉や教科書での使用頻度が少ない言葉はもちろん、生活の中での日本語力が求められるため、どのような言語環境に置かれているかが、外国人児童が学習に取り組む上での大きなハードルとなり得る。

This paper presents a field study in which the author conducted interviews with Japanese Americans affiliated with the Honolulu Yamaguchi Kenjinkai in Hawaii about their families’ stories. The author participated in the 2021 Aloha Project, a collaboration between Suo-Oshima Town, Suo-Oshima High School, and Yamaguchi Prefectural University, to design a set of Aloha shirts. During the foundational research for this project, the author visited the Japanese Hawaiian Emigration Museum operated by Suo-Oshima Town, developing a strong interest in the relationship between Suo-Oshima and Hawaii, particularly the history and current state of emigration. After retiring and becoming a professor emeritus, the author began researching Japanese immigration in 2023. The research began in September 2023 with a visit to Los Angeles, home to the Japanese American National Museum, to investigate Nikkei communities across the United States. Interviews were conducted with members of the Nanka Yamaguchi Kenjinkai. In mid-June 2024, the author traveled to Honolulu to interview members of the Honolulu Yamaguchi Kenjinkai about their family stories. At the same time, research was conducted at the Hawaii Japanese Cultural Center to better understand previously documented historical events. With these insights, the author decided to describe the individual family narratives collected through interviews. The study revealed the existence of historically significant Japanese immigrant communities in areas like Moiliili and McCully, which are comparable to Little Tokyo in Los Angeles. These areas, being older, hold a key place in the history of Japanese immigration as centers of work, education, and daily life for Japanese Americans. Through interviews about the lives of immigrants and their ancestors, the study provides opportunities to reconstruct the history of immigration, life in Hawaii, and changes in values over time. This has underscored the importance of continuing this research. Additionally, interviews were conducted with residents of Suo-Oshima who have relatives who emigrated. The author plans to further investigate how Suo-Oshima’s history of immigration has influenced the awareness and lifestyles of its residents.