大学生のアルバイトが健康、学習、意識変容に及ぼす影響

The impact of part-time jobs on the health, study, and mindset of university students

Creators Yamamoto Yukiko

Creators Eguchi Eri

Creators Yuhua Yang

Creators Kai Michiyo

Creators Sato Masaaki

Creators Shirafuta Maya

Creators Yamazaki Manabu

Creators Yoshimura Koichi

Creators Masuda Kimika

Creators Hitomi Eri

大学生がアルバイトをすることで、日常生活、健康状態、学習面においてどのような影響がみられるか、学生自身の意識にどのような変容をもたらしているのかを明らかにすることを目的として調査を実施した。対象者は山口県立大学の2年次生327名とし、質問紙調査に応じた学生215名の中から調査時点でアルバイトをしていた学生168名を分析対象とした。健康面の変化、学習面の変化、意識の変容については4件法で回答を得、1週間のアルバイトの平均労働時間13時間を境に2群に分け、クロス集計後、カイ二乗検定を行い分析した。調査結果から、対象者が従事しているアルバイトには飲食関係や販売が多く、目的としては趣味・遊びのためが最も多かった。アルバイトの待遇や人間関係に満足している回答が62％と多かったが、アルバイトの労働時間が長い群では、短い群に比較して食生活の乱れ、睡眠が十分にとれない、身体的な疲れを感じるという回答が多かった。学習面では、労働時間が長い群では、授業中眠くなると感じている回答が多くみられたが、学習時間の減少、課題提出の遅れ、遅刻、欠席、手抜きについては、労働時間の長短による差は見られなかった。学生自身の意識変容について、労働時間が長い群では、物事をじっくり考えるようになったという回答が有意に多かった。以上のことから、アルバイトは、適度な労働時間を保つことで、健康面、学習面への悪影響を抑え、逆に社会性に関連する意識変容を促す効果は高く、社会で働くための基礎を築くきっかけとなることが示唆された。

This is the study to investigate the influence on university students working part-time with regard to daily life,health conditions and study environments as well as their mindset toward them. A questionnaire for the survey was delivered to the entire 327 second year students at the university, to receive 215 responds. Then the data from 168 students - having part-time jobs at the time of the survey - out of 215 respondents were analyzed. The questionnaire - which employed 4-point Likert scale - was an inquiry about changes in their health conditions, study environments and mindsets. The responses were examined with the chi-square test after practicing cross tabulation of two elements. The obtained results showed that many of them worked for food service and retail industries, and majority of their objectives to work part-time was for personal pleasure, leisure and hobbies. The level of satisfaction for compensation and peer relationship at work reached relatively high percentage of 62%. It was nevertheless notable that the cohort with longer working hours responded complaining of imbalanced diet and shortage of sleeping time accompanied by physical exhaustion. With respect to their study environment, the cohort with longer working hours noted more on their drowsiness during classes. Both cohorts of working hours, however, did not show significant differences concerning decreasing tendency of study time, frequency of overdue assignments, tardy, absence and negligence. With the aspect of changes in their mindsets, significant number of students working longer regarded themselves to have become taking more time to contemplate. The
above-mentioned results have suggested that working part time within the appropriate length can contribute to reducing negative effects onto their health and study, encouraging them to develop their social mindsets and trigger their interest toward their future work.

[ISSN]2189-4825