日本の古代国家にとって、現在の山口県に相当する地域は銅の主要供給源だった。この地域で産出する銅は、奈良の大仏や貨幣の材料とされるなど、古代社会で重要な役割を担っていた。ただし、その前史、つまり八世紀初頭に関連産業が中央政府の直轄化される以前の状況に関しては、これまで十分な検討がなされていない。そこで本論文では、まず弥生時代以来、この地域で関連産業が盛んだった状況を概説する。また、技術のルーツが朝鮮半島に見いだせることなどを解明する。そして中央政府が直轄化する前提として、その種の地域産業の盛んな実態が存在したことも指摘する。

In recent years, many places all over the country have been competing to attract tourists, and various"words" have been used to emphasize their uniqueness. On the other hand, rather than some official tourism pamphlets, guidebooks, and tourism websites, visitors are looking for information on the internet and social media, as well as word-of-mouth information from people who have visited tourist destinations. The authors of this paper would like to point out that because the transmission of information itself is changing in this way, the "effect of words" in tourism itself is also different from what it used to be. Since the image and brand of a region is determined by the kind of "words" used to represent the region, we must reconsider the "effects of words". Therefore, the authors investigated approximately 25 noteworthy events and projects that successfully utilized the effects of words, to clarify the following two points. 1) How do words work in improving the experiential value of tourism for visitors? 2) How do words work in encouraging residents' participation in the community development throughtourism? As a result, it was possible to classify words into four types based on their effects: a) "open recruitment type", soliciting comments from the public, b) "branding type", revitalizing the region through products and services that use characteristic words, c) "artist-mediated type", editing the words by third parties such as artists, and d) "narrative type", showing off the words and stories unique to the area. It was found that it is important to perform appropriate "editing" the words to increase the value of thevisitor experience and promote residents' participation in tourism exchange.

What are the characteristics of successful second language learners? What learning strategies do they actively use? SLA researchers agree that successful second language learners share the following five factors: ⑴ They are young, ⑵ Their L1 is similar to the TL, ⑶ They have high language aptitude, ⑷ They have high motivation to learn the TL, and ⑸ Their language learning method is effective. Of these five factors, only ⑷ and ⑸ can be improved by teachers’ efforts. First, the age of the learner and the distance between the L1 and the TL cannot be changed by educational intervention. It is said that innate factors strongly influence language learning aptitude and that what teachers can do is limited. Teachers can only motivate students with motivational strategies and encourage them to employ effective learning methods that go with SLA research findings. The purpose of this paper is to provide basic information on teaching English. It will explain the following five factors: how to foster communicative competence, three types of memory, experiential and analytical learning beliefs, roles of AI in English education, and English language proficiency that English learners in Japan are expected to acquire.

瀬戸内海は、東アジアで最大の内海である。非常に豊かな生物多様性と、それに支えられた漁業の栄える、美しい自然がそこにはあった。その生物と伝統文化の豊かさは、戦後の高度経済成長の中で急速に失われた。生物学者の調査によれば、瀬戸内海の中で、奇跡的に多数の生物種が絶滅を免れて生き残っているのが、西の端の周防灘なのである。その周防灘に1982年から建設が計画されている、中国電力の上関原子力発電所計画は、現在までかろうじてのこされてきた生物多様性をおおきく損ねるおそれがある。この論文では、山口県知事による、「生物多様性を有する地域であるから科学的な環境影響調査を」という意見が、どのように作成されたかを明らかにする。さらに、祝島の神舞や、神社用地の原発への売却などの事例を通して、地域の独自の文化の多様性が、原発計画を押し止めるためにどのような役割を果たしてきたかを示して、原発にたよらない地域の未来を展望する。