Participation of residents is essential to promote local projects. A questionnaire was conducted on residents in Miyano area, Yamaguchi City for planning local community development. The aim of this study was to uncover factors for willingness to cooperate in local projects from analysis of the results of the questionnaire. Aid for people who are unable to go shopping, activity to watch over children, development of environment to raise children and anticrime measures were much-needed projects. Relations among neighbors were found to be a factor affecting willingness to cooperate in these projects. Our results suggest that improving relations among residents may lead to increased willingness to cooperate, resulting in enhancement of local community development.

This study aims to examine the issues concerning the institutionalization of the Comprehensive Support System Development Project, in order to realize a community-based society as well as to assess the role of local governments in its implementation. First, the study outlines the background of the institutionalization of the project in terms of realizing a community-based society in conjunction with amendments to various laws. Next, I reviewed previous research. Then, with the use of case studies, the study investigates the practices of counseling support offices within the project, verifying how they implement the functions listed in Article 106-4, Paragraph 2 of the Social Welfare Act. The results showed that the practices of the counseling support office involves various roles, including identifying those who require support (outreach) in social work practices, initiating counseling support, providing support for participation, supporting community development and offering opportunities for continued accompanied support through collaborative activities arranged across multiple agencies. However, carrying out community development while providing individual support is challenging, and requires powerful backing from local governments. As one possible solution, this study suggests appointing public health nurses as community social workers, and becoming the key figures in community development within the framework of the Comprehensive Support System Development Project. Key Words：continued accompanied support，community development，public health nurses，community social workers