Redefining “seafarer identity” : female masculinity and workplace culture in the maritime industry

「船員らしさ」の再定義 : 女性船員のマスキュリニティと海運業界の職場文化

Redefining “seafarer identity” : female masculinity and workplace culture in the maritime industry

Creators Ishida Yoriko

This study investigates the roles, practices, and identities of female seafarers in the maritime industry through the theoretical lens of “masculinity” and workplace culture. The maritime industry has historically been defined by the ideology of “seafarers as men,” which is deeply rooted in hegemonic masculinity. This ideology not only marginalizes women but also reinforces rigid occupational norms that constrain diversity. Despite growing attention to gender equality, the proportion of female seafarers remains exceedingly low, and the industry's organizational culture continues to perpetuate fixed gendered roles. These systemic barriers prevent women from fully exercising their unique skills and perspectives, limiting both their career opportunities and the potential for broader workplace innovation. To explore these dynamics, this study conducted interviews with female seafarers from various vessels and companies, focusing on how they navigate, adapt to, and challenge male-dominated workplace norms. Drawing on Connell's theory of “masculinities,” which posits that masculinity is not a singular or fixed trait but a dynamic construct shaped by cultural and social contexts, the analysis reveals that female seafarers embody diverse masculinities. They integrate traditionally “masculine” qualities such as discipline and leadership with qualities often coded as “feminine,” such as flexibility, empathy, and interpersonal collaboration. These practices not only expand the definition of “seafarer identity” but also highlight the potential for more inclusive and sustainable workplace cultures. At the same time, the research underscores a critical paradox: while female seafarers challenge hegemonic masculinity, they are also compelled to conform to its norms in order to gain acceptance in male-dominated environments. This dual dynamic expose the ongoing tension between the reproduction of existing power structures and the potential for their transformation. By redefining “seafarer identity” through their actions, female seafarers offer a pathway to rethinking the rigid occupational ideologies of the maritime industry. Ultimately, this study demonstrates that integrating diverse masculinities is not only crucial for achieving gender equality but also for addressing labor shortages and fostering a more 　innovative, flexible, and equitable workplace culture in the maritime sector.

[ISSN]0387-9232

[NCID]AN00031668