Abstract: The purpose of this study was to test and share the results of a causal relationship between bookkeeping achievement and academic ability, learning motivation, external environment, and out-of-class learning among beginning bookkeepers using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of the study showed that bookkeeping achievement was significantly affected by out-of-class learning, while scholastic ability was less affected than the external environment. One implication shown by the results is that motivation and action during the learning period are important.