Germany's energy transition （Energiewende） is a paradigm shift into a low-carbon and nuclear-free economy. As part of the European Union's climate neutralization drive, aiming to reduce greenhouse gases to net-zero by the middle of the century. Generous financial support for wind and solar power has boosted renewable energy to produce more electricity than fossil fuels for the first time in 2020. Germany's energy transition is not a policy shift after the Fukushima nuclear disaster, but a long-term process of policy making in response to public opinion and technological trends. Germany's energy transition is still underway and needs to be extended beyond the power supply. However, it may already be pushing more thoroughly through pricing and volume regulations, such as the European Emissions Trading Scheme （EU-ETS） and changes to the carbon tax, which provides incentives for changes to low-carbon technologies. This paper analyses Germany's energy transition and climate policy. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the actual conditions and issues of the reduction effects of greenhouse gas emissions, which are the main policy issues of the energy conversion policy that has been developed mainly on renewable energy for these 20 years.

As climate change and various environmental pollution issues are becoming more serious, many countries are actively promoting energy transition. The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015, is aimed at curbing the rise in global average temperatures to within 2℃ above pre-industrial levels and limiting temperature rises to 1.5℃ above pre-industrial levels. Taiwan is accelerating its path of energy transition to a "nuclear-free homeland" and “low-carbon economy” by phasing out all nuclear power generation in 2025 and imposing a legally binding goal of reducing coal-fired power generation from 47 percent to 26 percent. This paper investigates the impact of nuclear and coal power regulations on fuel mix CO2 emissions in the power sector by 2050 in Taiwan. Analysis is a future technology shift in the power sector called “Future Technology Transformations; FTT” for the power sector; Consider using the E3ME model linked to FTT: Power sub-model.